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Evaluation of Uplift Force Acting on Foundation of Underground Structure

지하구조물 하부에 작용하는 양압력 평가

  • Kim, Jin-Man (Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Han, Heui-Soo (Department of Civil Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology)
  • 김진만 (한국건설기술연구원 인프라안전연구본부) ;
  • 한희수 (국립금오공과대학교 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.21
  • Accepted : 2020.11.06
  • Published : 2020.11.30

Abstract

The uplift force acts directly on the foundation and causes a building to float to the upper ground. To examine the stability of a structure according to the uplift force, four sites (Paju, Anyang, Osan, and Gangneung) were selected, and sensors were installed on the foundations for the field tests. The rainfall characteristics were analyzed around June~September, and the changes in the water level of the adjacent river were considered. The maximum uplift force except for Gangneung did not exceed 72% of the water pressure when the groundwater level was up to the surface. On the other hand, the maximum uplift force in Osan was approximately 67%, but the reliability was slightly inferior because the difference from the average (46%) was large. The minimum uplift force was within 10% except for Anyang (~ 41%). At the Gangneung site on soft rock where the permanent drainage facility was installed before the measurement, the maximum and minimum uplift force was approximately 14% and 3.5%, respectively. Based on the measurement results, the possibility of overdesigning or underdesigning comes from the design by the hydrostatic pressure when the groundwater level is up to the surface.

양압력은 최하층 기초 바닥 슬라브에 직접 작용하여 건물을 상부로 부상시키는 현상을 유발하여 구조물의 안정성을 저해한다. 양압력에 따른 구조물의 안정성을 검토하기 위해, 중부지방의 4개 현장(파주, 안양, 오산 및 강릉)을 선정하여 지하구조물 기초바닥에 계측기를 설치하여 현장계측시험을 수행하였다. 강우량의 영향을 용이하게 파악할 수 있는 6월~9월을 중심으로 계측현장의 강우특성을 분석하였으며, 지하구조물에 영향을 주는 요소 중의 하나인 강우량 이외에도 인접한 하천수위의 변화도 고려하였다. 계측현장에서 측정된 연중 최대양압력은 강릉을 제외하면 기존설계(지하수위가 지표까지 있는 경우)로 평가된 수압의 72%를 초과하지 않았다. 다만, 오산에서 측정된 최대양압력은 약 67%로 나타났지만, 타 현장과 비교할 때, 평균(46%)과의 차이가 커서 신뢰성이 다소 떨어졌다. 최소양압력은 안양(약 41%)을 제외하면 대개 10% 이내의 값을 보였다. 기초지반이 연암이고 계측 이전에 영구배수시설이 설치된 강릉 현장의 양압력의 최대값은 약 14%, 최소값은 약 3.5% 정도로 다른 현장에 비해서 양압력의 변화가 거의 없는 것으로 계측되었다. 계측결과를 토대로 볼 때, 지하수위가 지표면까지 있을 때 또는 지반조사에 의해 나타난 지하수위일 때의 조건으로 구한 정수압을 이용하여 설계할 때는 과다설계나 과소설계를 할 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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