Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 displays efficacy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway

  • Xia, Ting (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Zhang, Jin (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Zhou, Chuanxin (Department of Pediatrics, The Fifth Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University, Sun Yat sen University) ;
  • Li, Yu (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Duan, Wenhui (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Zhang, Bo (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Wang, Min (State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology) ;
  • Fang, Jianpei (Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University)
  • Received : 2019.03.26
  • Accepted : 2019.07.24
  • Published : 2020.09.15
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Abstract

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a kind of aggressive hematological cancer, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is activated in most patients with T-ALL and responsible for poor prognosis. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (20(S)-GRh2) is a major active compound extracted from ginseng, which exhibits anti-cancer effects. However, the underlying anticancer mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in T-ALL have not been explored. Methods: Cell growth and cell cycle were determined to investigate the effect of 20(S)-GRh2 on ALL cells. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-related proteins were detected in 20(S)-GRh2-treated Jurkat cells by immunoblotting. Antitumor effect of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL was investigated in xenograft mice. The mechanisms of 20(S)-GRh2 against T-ALL were examined by cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Results: In the present study, the results showed that 20(S)-GRh2 decreased cell growth and arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase in ALL cells. 20(S)-GRh2 induced apoptosis through enhancing reactive oxygen species generation and upregulating apoptosis-related proteins. 20(S)-GRh2 significantly elevated the levels of pEGFP-LC3 and autophagy-related proteins in Jurkat cells. Furthermore, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was effectively blocked by 20(S)-GRh2. 20(S)-GRh2 suppressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in Jurkat cells. Finally, 20(S)-GRh2 alleviated symptoms of leukemia and reduced the number of white blood cells and CD3 staining in the spleen of xenograft mice, indicating antitumor effects against T-ALL in vivo. Conclusion: These findings indicate that 20(S)-GRh2 exhibits beneficial effects against T-ALL through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and could be a natural product of novel target for T-ALL therapy.

Keywords

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