Research in Community and Public Health Nursing (지역사회간호학회지)

Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing (한국지역사회간호학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Structural Equation Model of General High School Students' Happiness: Mediation Effect of Self-esteem and Resilience

일반고 고등학생의 행복감 구조모형: 자아존중감과 회복탄력성의 매개효과

  • Received : 2020.05.06
  • Accepted : 2020.08.31
  • Published : 2020.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a predictive model for happiness of students in general high schools. The study was based on the theory of happiness integration and the literature review. Methods: Data were collected using a convenience sample of 231 first and second grade students in five general high schools in D city and K Province. The exogenous variables were optimism as personality factors, parenting attitude, academic stress and friend's support as happiness. The endogenous variables were self-esteem and resilience as mediating variables, and happiness of students in general high schools. Data collection was done from March 14 to March 28, 2019. The AMOS 22.0 and SPSS programs were used to verify the validity of confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis models. Results: The factors that have the greatest influence on happiness of high school students are self-esteem and resilience. The explanatory power of happiness by these variables was 98.1%. The individual mediating effect and double mediation effect of these variables were found to be significant. Conclusion: As student's optimistic personality, parent's positive parenting attitude, and friend's support improve student's self-esteem and resilience, ultimately positively affecting high school students' happiness, so it is necessary to consider these factors and try to develop a happiness improvement program.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn DH. A study on happiness of adolescents in Korea and China. Korean Journal of Educational Research. 2012;50(1):227-255.
  2. Han M, Choi IC, Kim BJ, Lee HJ, Kim KM, Ryu SA. Happiness of Korean adolescence: Age-based comparison. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2012;19(5):217-235.
  3. Shin SB. Analysis of the determinants of happiness in Korean adolescents. Institute for Humanities and Social Science. 2016;17(3):135-184. https://doi.org/10.15818/IHSS.2016.17.3.135
  4. Heo SY. An analysis of ecological variables affecting adolescent happiness [dissertation]. [Seoul]: Sookmyung Women's University; 2009. 145 p.
  5. Yoo HK. The path model analysis of variables influencing subjective well-being of youth[dissertation]. [Asan]: Soonchunhyang University; 2014. 170 p.
  6. Huebner ES. Research on assessment of life satisfaction of children and adolescents. Social Indicators Research. 2004;66(1-2): 3-33. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SOCI.0000007497.57754.e3
  7. Kwon SM. Positive Psychology: Scientific inquiry of happiness. Seoul: Hakjisa Co.; 2008. 622 p.
  8. Diener E. Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin. 1984; 95(3):542-575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
  9. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self image. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 1965. 321 p.
  10. Kwon SW, Lee AH, Song IH. A study on adolescent happiness: Application of the adolescent resilience model. Studies on Korean Youth. 2012;23(2):39-72.
  11. Kang MH, Lee SY. The mediating effects of hope and ego-resilience on the relationship between adolescents' academic stress and psychological well-being. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2013;20(6):265-293.
  12. Suh KH. Academic stresses, subjective well-being, and feeling of happiness in adolescence: Focused on roles of resilience. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2016;23(11):137-157. https://doi.org/10.21509/KJYS.2016.11.23.11.137
  13. McCullough ME, Emmons RA, Tsang J. The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2002;82(1):112-127. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.112
  14. Scheier MF, Carver CS, Bridges MW. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem: A revaluation of the life orientation test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1994;67(6):1063-1078. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063
  15. Cheon SM, Choi YM, Kim MO. Effect of optimism enhancement programs on self-esteem and stress coping styles of middle school students victimized by school violence. Journal of Rehabilitation Psychology. 2015;22(2):341-356.
  16. Roh YC, Yoo SH. Effect of the optimism enhancement program on optimism and ego-resilience of elementary school teachers. The Journal of Open Education. 2008;16(3):139-157.
  17. Kim SA. The relationship of social relations and happiness in middle school boys and girls: Ego-resilience and school adjustment mediating effects. Youth and Environment. 2012;10(4):15-26.
  18. Ra JM, Park SJ, Rhee KJ. The influence of adolescents' school satisfaction on happiness via adolescents' self-esteem. Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. 2017;55:5-25. https://doi.org/10.17939/hushss.2017..55.001
  19. Shin HS. Testing the mediating effect of coping in the relation of optimism and pessimism to psychological adjustment in adolescents. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2005;12(3):165-192.
  20. Noh HS, Shin HS. The mediating effect of perceived social support in the relation between gratitude and psychological wellbeing among adolescents. Korean Journal of Youth Studies. 2006;15(2):147-168.
  21. Oh SS, Lee JS. Relationships of children's perceived positive characteristics of parenting styles. Research Report. Seoul: Korea Institute for Research in the Behavioral Science; 1982 Mar. Report No.: RN 82-11-01.
  22. Min HY, Yoo AJ. Development of daily hassles coping scale for behavior scale for children. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association. 1998;36(7):83-96.
  23. Park JY. The relationships of adolescent academic stress, school violence and subjective happiness: Focusing on the mediating pathway of friend, family and teacher's support. Journal of Social Science. 2017;43(2):263-289. https://doi.org/10.15820/khjss.2017.43.2.011
  24. Moon ES. A structural analysis of social and psychological variables related to adolescents' School adjustment behaviors [dissertation]. [Daejeon]: Chungnam National University; 2001. 127 p.
  25. Myeong SJ, Kang SH. The effects of social support, academic achievement, and optimism on middle school students' happiness. Journal of Educational Evaluation. 2011;24(3):619-643.
  26. Jon BJ. Self-esteem: A test of its measurability. Yonsei Consulate. 1974;11(1):107-130.
  27. Hills P, Argyle M. The oxford happiness questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences. 2002;33(7):1073-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00213-6
  28. Woo JP. The concept and understanding of structural equation modeling. Seoul: Hannarae Publishing Co.; 2017. 391 p.
  29. Suh HI, Shin NN. The effects of parent-adolescent communication and adolescent optimism on conflict coping styles. Korean Journal Child Studies. 2016;37(5):65-82. https://doi.org/10.5723/kjcs.2016.37.5.65
  30. Shin HS, Lee SJ. The effects of microsystem and self-knowledge variables on happiness perceived by adolescent. Korea Association of Family Relations. 2012;16(4):105-133.