DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of Viewers' Responses to Luxury Haul Videos on YouTube

  • Her, Yusun (Dept. of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Seoul National University) ;
  • Chun, Jaehoon (Dept. of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2020.03.30
  • Accepted : 2020.05.28
  • Published : 2020.08.31

Abstract

This study examined how viewers perceived luxury haul videos, what factors made them experience vicarious pleasure and gain relative deprivation when watching them. This study conducted an interview with 20 viewers of luxury haul videos. The content obtained from the interview was analyzed by classifying it into academic terms. Cases of vicarious pleasure arose when viewers had sufficient empathy when watching videos, which was intensified by YouTubers' behavior and visual stimulation in videos. A person's relative deprivation due to her financial capabilities or appearance occurred when she compared herself with YouTubers. The more viewers perceived luxury haul as a source of information, the more they felt relative deprivation; in addition, the more they perceived it as entertainment, the more they felt vicarious pleasure. Viewers who had a high level of involvement in luxury goods tended to feel vicarious pleasure; however, viewers with a high level of involvement in YouTubers tended to feel relative deprivation. This study helps luxury brands and YouTubers understand viewers' perception of their products and programs as well as helps in the development of fashion haul videos that are beneficial to viewers.

Keywords

References

  1. Bergman, S. M., Fearrington, M. E., Davenport, S. W., & Bergman, J. Z. (2011). Millennials, narcissism, and social networking:What narcissists do on social networking sites and why. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(5), 706-711. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.12.022
  2. Bessenoff, G. R. (2006). Can the media affect us? Social comparison, self-discrepancy, and the thin ideal. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(3), 239-251. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00292.x
  3. Born, R. (2019, March 4). Internet cultured: Staying 'trendy' is becoming an increasingly pricey habit. Daily Trojan. Retrieved from https://dailytrojan.com/2019/03/04/internet-cultured-staying-trendy-is-becoming-an-increasingly-pricey-habit/
  4. Brown, Z., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). Attractive celebrity and peer images on Instagram: Effect on women's mood and body image. Body Image, 19, 37-43. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.08.007
  5. Burke, M., Marlow, C., & Lento, T. (2010). Social network activity and social well-being. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, USA, 1909-1912. doi:10.1145/1753326.1753613
  6. Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (Eds.). (1983). Social psychophysiology:A sourcebook. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  7. Chung, D. (2004). An analysis of the avatar item purchase behavior from the psychological perspective. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 48(6), 110-137.
  8. Chung, Y., & Choi, Y. J. (2017). Repeated viewing of short edited video clip of social events: The effect of transportation, identification, vicarious pleasure on loop watching. Journal of Media Economics & Culture, 15(3), 86-134. doi:10.21328/JMEC.2017.8.15.3.86
  9. Cohen, J. (2001). Defining identification: A theoretical look at the identification of audiences with media characters. Mass Communication and Society, 4(3), 245-264. doi:10.1207/S15327825MCS0403_01
  10. Davis, M. H., Hull, J. G., Young, R. D., & Warren, G. G. (1987). Emotional reactions to dramatic film stimuli: The influence of cognitive and emotional empathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 126-133. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.126
  11. Doob, L. W., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Factors determining substitute behavior and the overt expression of aggression. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 34(3), 293-313. doi:10.1037/h0059513
  12. Duffett, R., Petroșanu, D.-M., Negricea, I.-C., & Edu, T. (2019). Effect of YouTube marketing communication on converting brand linking into preference among millennials regarding brands in general and sustainable offers in particular. Evidence from South Africa and Romania. Sustainability, 11(3):604. doi:10.3390/su11030604
  13. Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117-140. doi:10.1177/001872675400700202
  14. Freud, S. (2009). Eine schwierigkeit der psychoanalyse [One difficulty in psychoanalysis] [eBook]. Salt Lake City, UT: Project Gutenberg.
  15. Gauntlett, D. (2011). Making is connecting: The social meaning of creativity, from DIY and knitting to YouTube and Web 2.0. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  16. Giorgi, A. (2012). The descriptive phenomenological psychological method. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 43(1), 3-12. doi: 10.1163/156916212X632934
  17. Ha-Brookshire, J. E., & Hodges, N. N. (2009). Socially responsible consumer behavior?: Exploring used clothing donation behavior. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 27(3), 179-196. doi:10.1177/0887302X08327199
  18. Haferkamp, N., &Kramer, N. C. (2011). Social comparison 2.0:Examining the effects of online profiles on social-networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(5), 309-314. doi:10.1089/cyber.2010.0120
  19. Kang, H. J. (2019, July 6). 남이 사서 포장 뜯는 걸 왜 보냐고? 정보 얻고 대리만족 [Why do I watch someone buy and unpack it? Information and vicarious pleasure]. JoongAng Sunday. Retrieved from https://news.joins.com/article/23517356
  20. Katz, R. L. (1963). Empathy: Its nature and uses. New York, NY: Free Press of Glencoe.
  21. Keats, E. S. (2012). Exploring haul videos on YouTube: A collective case study approach (Unpublished master's thesis). Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
  22. Kietzmann, J. H., Hermkens, K., McCarthy, I. P., & Silvestre, B. S. (2011). Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media. Business Horizons, 54(3), 241-251. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.005
  23. Kim, H. K., & Oh, S. J. (2009). The psychological pleasure factors in fantasy drama: A case study of . Studies of Broadcasting Culture, 21(1), 143-186. doi:10.22854/sbc.2009.21.1.143
  24. Kim, B. G. (2019, July 31). "살기 참 팍팍한데"...잘 나가는 유튜버가 불편한 사람들 ["It is really hard to live"...people who are uncomfortable with popular YouTubers]. edaily. Retrieved from https://www.edaily.co.kr/news/read?newsId=01302166622560096&mediaCodeNo=E
  25. Kim, S. Y. (2017, November 12). 패션뷰티 유투버 한별이 공개한 '억'소리 나는 '1570만원' 명품 하울 (영상) [Fashion YouTuber Hanbyeol's '15 .7 million won' luxury haul (video)]. Insight. Retrieved from https://www.insight.co.kr/news/126475
  26. Krasnova, H., Wenninger, H., Widjaja, T., & Buxmann, P. (2013). Envy on Facebook: A hidden threat to users' life satisfaction? Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Wirtschaftsinformatik, Germany, 1-16.
  27. Kwon, S. M. (2019, April 14). "지갑을 쓸어왔어" 한혜연 유 튜브에 날짜 맞춰 협찬 보낸 명품 브랜드들 ["Spent all my money" luxury brands sponsored Han Hye Yeon on her video upload date]. Wikitree. Retrieved from https://www.wikitree.co.kr/main/news_view.php?id=419888
  28. Le, V. (2010, February 17). 'Haul videos;' The ultimate in materialistic PG porn? npr. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2010/02/haul_videosthe_ultimate_pg_gir2.html
  29. Lee, J. E., & Watkins, B. (2016). YouTube vloggers’ influence on consumer luxury brand perceptions and intentions. Journal of Business Research, 69(12), 5735-5760. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.171
  30. Lee, M., & Lee, H.-H. (2017). The effects of SNS appearancerelated photo activity on women's body image and self-esteem. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 41(5), 858-871. doi:10.5850/JKSCT.2017.41.5.858
  31. Lee, S.-H. (2018). Interpassivity of personal webcasting media epoch. Journal of East Asian Cultures, 73, 11-27. doi:10.16959/jeachy..73.201805.11
  32. Lee, W.-m., & Kim, K. (2017). For thin and toned body: A content analysis of #Sporting women on Instagram. Korean Journal of Sociology of Sport, 30(4), 25-43. doi:10.22173/jksss.2017.30.4.25
  33. Mason, J. (1996). Qualitative researching. London: SAGE.
  34. Na, E. Y. (2010). Media psychology. Seoul: Hannarae.
  35. Oh, S. J. (2018, January 29). 명품부터 생활용품까지...'쇼핑계의 먹방' 하울 영상 인기 [From luxury to living goods... 'an eating show in the shopping world' popularity of haul videos]. Yonhapnews. Retrieved from https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20180128048200033?input=1195m
  36. Park, J. A. (2018, July 22). 명품을 비교하고 평가하는 '하울'은 무엇일까? [지식용어] [What is the 'haul' that compares and evaluates luxury goods? [Knowledge terminology]]. Sisunnews. Retrieved from http://www.sisunnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=86633
  37. Park, M. J. (2017, November 17). "대리만족으로 힐링해요" ...'명품 하울'을 보는 사람들 ["Heals with vicarious pleasure"... People who watch the 'luxury haul videos']. Wikitree. Retrieved from https://www.wikitree.co.kr/main/news_view.php?id=319322
  38. Romano, T. (2010, May 5). Look what I bought (or got free). The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/06/fashion/06skin.html
  39. Seidman, G. (2013). Self-presentation and belonging on Facebook:How personality influences social media use and motivations. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(3), 402-407. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.009
  40. Seo, C. W. (2018, January 23). 명품 하울 영상, 욕망의 대리만 족 vs 상대적 박탈감..."콘텐츠로 봐달라" [Luxury haul videos, vicarious pleasure of desire vs relative deprivation ..."think of it as a video"]. g-enews. Retrieved from http://news.g-enews.com/view.php?ud=201801231114308104298b22ff23_1&md=20180123111747_K
  41. Seo, M. (2017). Influence of SNS use on life satisfaction via upward social comparison, relative deprivation and underestimation of economic status. Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 83, 72-95. doi:10.46407/kjci.2017.06.83.72
  42. Seong, S., & Hong, E. (2013). The influence of consumption value and attitude about luxury goods by women on consumption behavior and satisfaction. The Korean Journal of Community Living Science, 24(4), 517-536. doi:10.7856/kjcls.2013.24.4.517
  43. Smith, H. J., Pettigrew, T. F., Pippin, G. M., & Bialosiewicz, S. (2012). Relative deprivation: A theoretical and meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16(3), 203-232. doi:10.1177/1088868311430825
  44. Steers, M.-L. N., Wickham, R. E., & Acitelli, L. K. (2014). Seeing everyone else's highlight reels: How Facebook usage is linked to depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33(8), 701-731. doi:10.1521/jscp.2014.33.8.701
  45. Stouffer, S. A., Suchman, E. A., DeVinney, L. C., Star, S. A., & Williams, R. M., Jr. (1949). The American soldier: Adjustment during army life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  46. Sung, Y.-T., Kim, Y.-G., & Lee, S.-Y. (2007). The descriptive study on type of UCC and reply: Focused on Pandora TV. Journal of Cybercommunication Academic Society, 23, 69-112.
  47. Tanaka, W. (2010, December 15). Names you need to know:Haul videos. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.co m/sites/wendytanaka/2010/12/15/names-you-need-to-know-haul-video/#34238e11e805
  48. Tiggemann, M., & Polivy, J. (2010). Upward and downward:Social comparison processing of thin idealized media images. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 34(3), 356-364. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01581.x
  49. Walther, J. B. (2007). Selective self-presentation in computermediated communication: Hyperpersonal dimensions of technology, language, and cognition. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(5), 2538-2557. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2006.05.002
  50. Wattenhofer, M., Wattenhofer, R., & Zhu, Z. (2012). The You-Tube social network. Proceedings of the Sixth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, Ireland, 354-361.
  51. Wilson, R. E., Gosling, S. D., & Graham, L. T. (2012). A review of Facebook research in the social sciences. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7(3), 203-220. doi:10.1177/1745691612442904
  52. Yang, H. S. (2015). When does a viewer feel relative deprivation?:Examining the effects of drama characters and viewer traits on emotional reactions associated with upward social comparisons. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 29(6), 137-171.
  53. Yang, H. S. (2008). The effects of the opinion and quality of user postings on Internet news readers' attitude toward the news issue. Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies, 52(2), 254-281.
  54. Yoon, S. (2005). Reading Korean TV drama from the perspective of feminist psychoanalysis. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 49(2), 84-109.
  55. YouTube. (n.d.). 숫자로 보는 유튜브: 20억 명이 넘는 사용자 [YouTube by the numbers: Over 2 billion users]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/press/