Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Antioxidant activity of premature mandarin vinegar according to harvest period and raw material conditions

수확시기 및 원료 조건에 따른 풋귤 식초의 항산화 활성

  • Park, Boyeon (Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi) ;
  • Choi, Jae Won (Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi) ;
  • Kim, Sung Hyun (Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi) ;
  • Yun, Ye-Rang (Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi) ;
  • Lee, Young ran (Jeju Nature & Vinegar Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Lee, Young mi (Jeju Nature & Vinegar Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Jung, Ji-Hye (Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi)
  • Received : 2020.04.07
  • Accepted : 2020.06.01
  • Published : 2020.08.31
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Abstract

This study aimed at comparing the antioxidant activity of premature mandarin (PM) vinegars by varying harvest periods (July, August, and September) and raw material conditions (PM fruit, PMF; PM fruit with 10% dried Citri Unshius Pericarpium Immaturus (CUPI), PMF-D, and PM fruit with 10% roasted CUPI, PMF-R). We found that the PM harvested in July exhibited the highest phenol content. Meanwhile, the July and August harvests showed stronger DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power. The phenol content of PMF-R vinegar was 0.62±0.02 ㎍ GAE/mL, more than two times higher than that of PMF vinegar. The DPPH radical scavenging capacity and reducing power were the highest in the PMF-R vinegar, at 4.71±0.07 and 7.47±0.28 nL/mL, respectively. Therefore, it could be expected that PM vinegar prepared by adding roasted CUPI and harvested in July would exhibit high antioxidant activity and could be used as functional vinegar.

항산화 활성이 우수한 풋귤 식초를 개발하기 위하여 풋귤의 수확 시기(7월-9월)에 따른 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량 및 항산화 활성을 측정하고, 3가지 원료 조건(풋귤 분쇄액, 10% 건조 청피 첨가 풋귤 분쇄액, 10% 로스팅 청피 첨가 풋귤 분쇄액)으로 제조된 풋귤 식초의 발효 특성, 항산화 성분 및 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. 7월에 수확된 풋귤 착즙액은 1.02±0.02 ㎍ GAE/mL의 가장 높은 총 페놀 함량이 확인되었으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 수확시기에 따른 유의적인 차이가 존재하지 않았다. 항산화 활성은 7월-8월에 수확된 풋귤 착즙액이 9월에 수확된 풋귤 착즙액보다 유의적으로 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력을 나타내었으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 7월에 수확된 풋귤 착즙액을 식초 원료로 선정하였다. 원료 조건을 달리하여 제조된 식초의 최종 산도는 풋귤 식초가 6.0%, 건조 청피 첨가 풋귤 식초가 6.3%, 로스팅 청피 첨가 풋귤 식초가 6.7%로 모두 85%의 높은 발효 효율을 보였다. 건조 또는 로스팅 청피가 첨가된 풋귤 식초는 발효 13일차에 5% 산도에 도달하였으며, 풋귤 식초보다 발효 기간이 단축되고 높은 산 생성능을 나타내었다. 원료조건에 따라 색도의 변화가 확인되었지만 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 유기산 함량은 건조 청피가 첨가된 풋귤 식초가 acetic acid를 비롯한 총 유기산 함량이 30,201 mg/L으로 가장 높았으며, 특히 풋귤 식초보다 1.4배 높았다. 총 페놀 함량은 로스팅 청피 첨가 풋귤 식초에서 0.62±0.02 ㎍ GAE/mL으로 풋귤 식초와 약 2배 이상의 차이를 보였으나, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 풋귤 식초가 3.00±0.15 ㎍ CE/mL로 가장 높았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 EC50 값은 건조 및 로스팅 청피 첨가 풋귤 식초가 각각 5.83±1.66 nL/mL, 4.71±0.07 nL/mL으로 풋귤 식초(9.16±0.87 nL/mL)보다 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타냈으며, 환원력에서는 로스팅 청피 첨가 풋귤 식초가 7.47±0.28 nL/mL으로 활성이 가장 높았다. 이상의 결과로부터 7월에 생산된 풋귤 착즙액을 원료로 로스팅 청피를 첨가한 풋귤 식초는 초산 발효가 우수하고 높은 유기산 및 페놀 함량으로 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타내어 기존 풋귤 식초보다 항산화능이 강화된 기능성 식초로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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