Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry (생물정신의학)

The Korean Society of Biological Psychiatry (대한생물정신의학회)
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Anti-LGI1 Antibody Encephalitis

양극성장애로 오인된 LGI1 자가면역성뇌염

  • Kim, Eun Soo (Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, HeeJun (Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeon, Sang Won (Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Sung Joon (Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 김은수 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 이희준 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 전상원 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 조성준 (성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 정신건강의학교실)
  • Received : 2020.03.05
  • Accepted : 2020.07.08
  • Published : 2020.10.31
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Abstract

Leucine rich glioma inactivated (LGI1) encephalitis is an uncommon neurological disorder rarely encountered in clinical practice. However, it is a potentially fatal autoimmune syndrome that can decrease the level of consciousness, possibly progressing to coma. Additionally, unless diagnosed and promptly treated, it can cause permanent cognitive impairment. Since LGI1 encephalitis can initially present with psychiatric symptoms, there can be delays in reaching a proper diagnosis. This report describes a case of a 47-year-old woman with LGI1 antibodies-associated limbic encephalitis who initially presented with psychosis. Her blood tests were normal and no MRI and EEG abnormalities were found. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was negative for other possible infectious causes. Three months after admission, she was found to be LGI1 antibody positive. LGI1 encephalitis should be suspected in patients with symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, seizures, and psychiatric symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of LGI1 encephalitis are warranted because prognosis becomes worse when such actions are delayed.

Keywords

References

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