Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Mediating Effect of Social Support in the Relationship between Self-Differentiation and Interpersonal Relationship

북한이탈청소년의 자아분화와 대인관계의 관계에서 사회적지지의 매개효과

  • 채경희 (총신대학교 기독교교육학과)
  • Received : 2020.04.17
  • Accepted : 2020.07.03
  • Published : 2020.07.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the influential relationship between self-differentiation, interpersonal relationships, and social support of adolescent North Korean defectors as well as the mediating effects of social support in the relationship between self-differentiation and interpersonal relationships. For this study, the participants were selected among student North Korean defectors aged between 9 and 24 years. With these participants, a survey was conducted from November 4 to December 14, 2019. Two hundred eighteen questionnaires were used in the analyses, which were conducted with SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The analyses yielded the following findings. The self-differentiation of the adolescent North Korean defectors had a positive impact on interpersonal relationships. The self-differentiation of adolescent North Korean defectors had a positive impact on social support, and the social support of adolescent North Korean defectors had a positive impact on interpersonal relationships. In the relationship between self-differentiation of adolescent North Korean defectors and their interpersonal relationship, social support had a mediating effect. This study showed that by improving the level of social support and self-differentiation of adolescent North Korean defectors, it would be possible to improve their interpersonal relationship issues.

본 연구는 북한이탈 청소년의 자아분화, 대인관계와 사회적지지의 영향관계를 분석하고 자아분화와 대인관계의 관계에서 사회적지지에 대한 매개효과를 분석하여 북한이탈 청소년의 대인관계 질적 수준 향상을 위한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 탈북학생 중에서 9세 이상 24세 미만인 자로 정하여, 2019년 11월 4일부터 12월 14일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 218부의 자료가 분석에 사용되었고, SPSS 23.0과 AMOS 23.0을 사용하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 북한이탈 청소년의 자아분화는 대인관계에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 북한이탈 청소년의 자아분화는 사회적지지에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 북한이탈 청소년의 사회적지지는 대인관계에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 북한이탈 청소년의 자아분화와 대인관계의 관계에서 사회적지지는 매개효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 북한이탈 청소년의 대인관계에 영향을 미치는 변인을 확인함으로써 직접적인 관계를 규명하고, 자아분화와 대인관계 간에서 사회적지지의 매개관계를 밝힘으로써 대인관계의 어려움을 겪는 북한이탈 청소년에게 자아분화와 사회적지지 수준의 증진을 통해 대인관계문제를 개선할 수 있음을 검증하는데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Unification, Service Manual on the Settlement of North Korean Refugees, 2018. http://www.unikorea.go.kr/
  2. Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development, "A Study on the Actual Condition of Adapting to North Korean Adolescents and the Establishment of School in the Republic of Korea", Symposium on Policy Studies, 2004. https://www.moe.go.kr/main.do?s=moe
  3. Korea Hana Foundation, A Survey on North Korean Youth in 2016, 2017. https://www.koreahana.or.kr/
  4. J. S. Hwang, North Korean Refugee Adolescents' Ma ladjustment to South Korea and the Adaptation Plans. Master's Thesis, Korea National University of Korea, 2009.
  5. H. S. Kim, The Effects of Self-Differentiation and Ego-Resilience on Interpersonal Problem-Solving Ability of Undergraduate Students. Dong-A University of Korea, 2013.
  6. M. Bowen, Family Therapy in clinical practice. New York: Jason Aronson, 1978.
  7. Y. J. Cho, The Relationship between Differentiation of Self and Interpersonal Problems among Highschool Students. Master's Thesis, Ewha Women's University of Korea, 2011.
  8. S. Y. Choi, A Study on Effects of Self-differentiation and Family Communication on Interpersonal Relationship(With Focus on College Student). Master's Thesis, Soongsil University of Korea, 2007.
  9. J. Y. Kim, S. Y. Jung, "A study on the current status and policy tasks for the protection of runaway youth", Korea Youth Policy Institute Research Report, pp.1-391.
  10. S. R. Kim, The Influence of Parents Attachment Perceived by Middle School Students on Interpersonal Problems: The Mediating Effect of Self-concept and Self-differentiation. Master's Thesis, Chung-Ang University of Korea, 2016.
  11. T. Leary, H. Lane, A. Apfelbaum, M. della Cioppa, Multilevel measurement of interpersonal behavior: A manual for the use of the interpersonal system of personality. Psychological Consultation Service, 1956.
  12. J. M. Seo, Social Support, Self-esteem, and Social Adjustment that North Korean Youth Defectors Perceived. Master's Thesis, Sookmyung Women's University of Korea, 2004.
  13. Y. S. Park, I. J. Yoon, "Characteristics of Social Support for North Korean Migrant Adolescents and its Effects on their Adaptation in South Korea", Journal of Sociology, Vol.41, o.1, p.124-155, 2007.
  14. S. Cobb, "Social support as a moderator of life stress", Psychosomatic Medicine, Vol.38, No.5, pp.300-314, 1976. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003
  15. S. H. Chung, A Study on the Social Network of North Korean Youth Defectors. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2003.
  16. G. G. Rhee, Research on the North Korean Younger Refugees' Social Settlement and the Support Measures in Gyeonggi Northern Area. Doctoral Thesis, Dae Jin University of Korea, 2017.
  17. S. K. kim, A study of psychosocial adaptation of adolescents in group homes. Master's Thesis, Ewha Women's University of Korea, 2001.
  18. S. H. Oh, A Study on Determinants of Adolescents' Adaptation in Low Income Broken Family. Doctoral Thesis, Seoul National University of Korea, 2001.
  19. K. H. Chae, "The impact of social support for and self-esteem of North Korean adolescent defectors on their problem solving ability", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol.18, pp.683-689, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.11.683
  20. S. M. Cheon, A study on intergration of north korean youth defectors and south korean adolescents focusing on improve empathy ability: Focused on community of philosophical inquiry. Master's Thesis, Seoul National University of Korea, 2019.
  21. M. E. Kerr, M. Bowen, Family evaluation. New York: Norton & Company, 1988.
  22. G. P. Cho, S. H. Woo, G. H. Song, "The effects of university students' self-differentiation on ego-resiliency and interpersonal relations", Korean Education Inquiry, Vol.30, No.4, pp.59-80, 2012.
  23. Y. W. Choi, The mediating effects of ego-identity on the relationship between self-differentiation and stress coping strategies. Master's Thesis, Sungshin Women's University of Korea, 2010.
  24. Bowen, M, Theory in the practice of psychotherapy. In Guerin, P. M. Jr(Eds.), Family Therapy: Theory and Practice. New York: Gardner Press, 1976.
  25. S. J. Lim, J. S. Lee, "The relationship between self-differentiation and conflict resolution strategies of adolescents: Mediating effect of emotional intelligence", Secondary Education Research, Vol.65, pp.173-194, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25152/ser.2017.65.1.173
  26. M. Bowen, Family therapy in clinical practice. New York: Jason Aronson, 1982.
  27. Y. T. kim, Family therapy theories : concepts and methods. Seoul: Hakjisa, 2000.
  28. M. P. Nichols, R. C. Schwartz, Family therapy: Concepts and methods (5th ed). Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 2001.
  29. B. H. Ahn, Interpersonal relations. Seoul: Taeyeong publisher, 2010.
  30. F. Heider, The psychology of interpersonal relations. Psychology Press, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203781159
  31. H. S. Jang, A Study on the Effects of Group Diary Writing Program to Interpersonal Relationships and Diary Writing Interest of Middle School Students. Master's Thesis, Dong-A University of Korea, 2005.
  32. F. B. Evans III, Harry Stack Sullivan: Interpersonal Theory and Psychotherapy. London: Routeldge, 1996.
  33. H. S. kim, The Qualitative Study of the Integrative Counseling to Improve Communication and Interpersonal Relationship Ability of Late Adolescence. Master's Thesis, Gyeongnam National University of Korea, 2016.
  34. S. M. Kwon, "Psychiatric disease and cognition: Focused on Emotional Disorder", The Korean Psychological Association, Vol.1995, No.1, pp.49-95, 1995.
  35. P. Corsano, M. Majorano, L. Champretavy, "Psychological well-being in adolescence: The contribution of interpersonal relations and experience of being alone", Adolescence, Vol.41 No.162 pp.341-354, 2006.
  36. A. R. Chung, Relationship of perceived stress and ego-resilience to interpersonal problems of high school students. Master's Thesis, Busan National University of Korea, 2009.
  37. T. Leary, Interpersonal diagnosis of personality. New York: Island Press, 1957.
  38. M. Y. Bae, E. H. Lee, "The relationships between selfdifferentiation, interpersonal problems, and depression/ anxiety levels in adolescence: The mediating effects on self-control ability", National Youth Policy Institute, Vol.20, No.1, pp.85-112, 2009.
  39. J. E. LEE, Influence of high-school student's peer attachment self-differentiation on interpersonal relationship problems. Master's Thesis, Kyungpook National University of Korea, 2006.
  40. J. T. Kim, The effect of communication with parents perceived by adolescents on interpersonal problems: Mediating the effect of empathy ability. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2015.
  41. K. A. Jung, The effect of ambivalence over emotional expressiveness on interpersonal problems : The mediating effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2015.
  42. E. J. Kim, H. M. Kang, "The mediating effects of parenting and self-concept in relationship between interpersonal problems and adolescents' ADHD symptoms", Journal of Adolescent welfare, Vol.15, pp.247-270, 2013.
  43. E. J. Lee, The influence of parenting attitudes perceived by college students on interpersonal relationship: Focused on the mediating eEffect of positive emotion. Master's Thesis, Soonchunhyang University of Korea, 2014
  44. J. Y. Hwang, The relationship among perceived parent-child, perfectionism and interpersonal relationship problems. Master's Thesis, Hongik University of Korea, 2005.
  45. S. H. Park, N. O. Lee, "The influence of parents attachment on interpersonal problems: Focus on mediating difficulties in emotional regulation and empathy", Journal of Family and Counseling, Vol.4, No.1, pp.1-18.
  46. S. G. Han, The effect of interpersonal trauma expose on interpersonal problems in adolescent: The mediating role of traumatized self-system. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2013.
  47. N. R. Ko, The effect of emotional regulation difficulties and interpersonal problem who had complex trauma in childhood. Master's Thesis, Ewha Women's University of Korea, 2008.
  48. P. A. Thoits, "Social support as coping assistance", Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, Vol.54, No.4, pp.416, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.54.4.416
  49. CJ. Dunst, "Revisiting rethinking early intervention", Topics in early childhood special education, Vol.20, No.2, pp.95-104, 2000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/027112140002000205
  50. J. W. Park, A study to development a scale of social support. Doctoral Thesis, Yonsei University of Korea, 1985.
  51. JS. House, "Social structure and personality", Social Psychology: Sociological Perspectives, Vol.525 pp.561, 1981.
  52. Y. S. Park, I. J. Yoon, "Characteristics of social support for North Korean migrant adolescents and its effects on their adaptation in South Korea", Korean Journal of Sociology, Vol.41, No.1, pp.124-155, 2007.
  53. C. H. Jang, "Social work approach for the adjustment of children and youth from North Korea", Journal of Korean Social Welfare, Vol.5, pp.203-235, 2001.
  54. Y. S. Park, A study on the characteristics of social support and social adjustment of North Korean refugee adolescents in South Korea. Master's Thesis, Seoul Women's University of Korea, 2006.
  55. E. J. Kye, "It's okay to be North Korean": North Korean refugee university students' self-identity and self-realization. Master's Thesis, Seoul University of Korea, 2018.
  56. M. E. Kerr, M. Bowen, Bowen's theory of family system(Family Evaluation)(S. H. Nam, Y. J. Nam, Y. H. hwang translation). Seoul: Hakjisa, 2005.
  57. Y. R. Lee, J. S. Hong, "The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between self-differentiation and social problem-solving skills in early adulthood", The Korean Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Vol.5, No.2, pp.151-165, 2016.
  58. E. J. Lee, The influence of self differentiation and perceived couple conflicts on peer relationships of high school students. Master's Thesis, Hongik University of Korea, 2008.
  59. O. Peleg, "Bowen theory: A study of differentiation of self, social anziety, and physiological symptoms", Comtemporary Family Therapy, Vol.24, No.2, pp.355-369, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015355509866
  60. Y. K. Lee, The effects of self-differentiation on marital satisfaction for women marriage immigrants: Focusing on the multiple mediating effects of social support and acculturation. Doctoral Thesis, Konkuk University of Korea, 2011.
  61. Y. G. Park, The mediating effects of gender role conflict between middle adulthood of self-identity and social support, differentiation of self. Master's Thesis, Hanyoung University of Korea, 2016.
  62. Y. J. Ahn, The influence of parental attachment, level of differentiation of self, self-efficacy, and social support on college students' adult attachment. Master's Thesis, Soongsil University of Korea, 2016.
  63. J. A. Sutherland, L. Cook, P. Stetina, "Women in substance abuse recovery: measures of resilience and self-differentiation", Western Journal of Nurising Research, Vol.31, No.7, pp.905-927, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945909337815
  64. Y. S. Choi, H. Y. Kim, "Effect of self-division in youth on stress coping", The Journal of Social Sciences, Vol.21, pp.1-17, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2009.11892744
  65. C. Y. Kim, H. S. Jo, "Self-differentiation, family function and stress level in high school students", Child Health Nursing Research, Vol.14, No.1, pp.61-70, 2008.
  66. Y. E. Yang, A study on the adaptation process of North Korean immigrant youth discontinuing formal education. Master's Thesis, Soongsil University of Korea, 2010.
  67. W. Furman, D. Buhrmester, "Children's perceptions of the personal relationships in their social networks", Developmental psychology, Vol.21, No.6, pp.1016, 1985. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.21.6.1016
  68. M. S. Kim, The relation between social support and maladjustment of children. Master's Thesis, Sookmyung Women's University of Korea, 1995.
  69. L. H. Oh, A case study about adjustment in South Korea of youth defector. Master's Thesis, Catholic University of Korea, 2003.
  70. S. B. Je, The Relationship between differentiation of self and dysfunctional behavior. Doctoral Thesis, Pusan National University of Pusan, pp.28-30, 1989.
  71. K H. Lee, "Influence of young and infant care environment on child toughness formation", Report of Institute of child welfare, Vol.2015, No.1, pp.1-44, 2015.
  72. G. D. Zimet, N. W. Dahlem, S. G. Zimet, G. K. Farley, "The multidimensional scale of perceived social support", Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol.52, No.1, pp.30-41, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2
  73. D. H. Kim, S. Y. Kim, H. J. Shin, "The study on impact of spousal support and social support on foreign wives's parenting stress in rural areas", Family and Culture, Vol.19, No.3, pp.53-78, 2007. https://doi.org/10.21478/family.19.3.200709.003
  74. Y. H. Kim, Relationship among children's percevied social support, locus of control and self-esteem. Master's Thesis, Yonsei University of Korea, 1999.
  75. G. A. Kang, The influence of parent-child attachment on adolescents' aggression, interpersonal relationship and school maladjustment . Doctoral Thesis, Baekseok University of Korea, 2014.
  76. R. M. Baron, D. A. Kenny, "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol.51, No.6, pp.1173-1182, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  77. N. R. Shin, C. Y. Ahn, "The relationships among adult attachment styles, social anxiety, self-concept, self-efficacy, coping strategy, and social support", Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol.23, No.4, pp. 949-968, 2004.
  78. B. N. Min, The effect of rejection sensitivity in youth on interpersonal problems : The mediating effect of cognitive flexibility. Master's Thesis, Sangji University of Korea, 2016.