DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

개질형 On-Site 수소충전소의 리스크 감소를 위해 요구되는 SIL 등급 달성 방안에 관한 연구

A Study on the Achievement of Required Safety Integrity Level to Reduce Risk for SMR On-Site Hydrogen Refueling Stations

  • 이진호 (서울과학기술대학교 안전공학과) ;
  • 임재용 (서울과학기술대학교 안전공학과)
  • Lee, Jin Ho (Department of Safety Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lim, Jae-Yong (Department of Safety Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 투고 : 2020.10.16
  • 심사 : 2020.12.21
  • 발행 : 2020.12.31

초록

In recent years, hydrogen has received much attention as an alternative energy source to fossil fuels. In order to ensure safety from the increasing number of hydrogen refueling stations, prevention methods have been required. In this regard, this study suggested an approach to reduce the risk of hydrogen refueling station by increasing Safety Integrity Level (SIL) for a Steam Methane Reformer (SMR) in On-Site Hydrogen Refueling Station. The worst scenario in the SMR was selected by HAZOP and the required SIL for the worst scenario was identified by LOPA. To verify the required SIL, the PFDavg.(1/RRF) of Safety Instrumented System (SIS) in SMR was calculated by using realistic failure rate data of SIS. Next, several conditions were tested by varying the sensor redundancy and proof test interval reduction and their effects on risk reduction factor were investigated. Consequently, an improved condition, which were the redundancy of two-out-of-three and the proof test interval of twelve months, achieved the tolerable risk resulting in the magnitude of risk reduction factor ten times greater than that of the baseline condition.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. H. R. Gye and C. J. Lee, "Fire Risk Assessment on Urban Hydrogen Refueling Station Using Probit Model", Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 19-26, 2019. https://doi.org/10.31333/kihm.2019.7.1.19
  2. D. H. Lee, I. H. Jung and J. W. Ko, "A Study on Safety of Hydrogen Station", Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas, Vol. 13, pp. 45-51, 2009.
  3. H. Kim, S. K. Kang and Y. S. Huh, "Accidents Analysis of Domestic and Overseas Refueling Stations and Assessment of Dangerous Distance by Gas Leak", Journal of Energy Engineering, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 7-13, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5855/ENERGY.2017.26.4.007
  4. S. I. Hwang, S. K. Kang and Y. S. Huh, "A Study on the Safety Improvement by CFD Analysis for Packaged Type Hydrogen Refueling System", Trans. of Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 243-250, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7316/KHNES.2019.30.3.243
  5. J. N. Park, "Status of Hydrogen Station Technology and Policy", Applied Chemistry for Engineering, KIC News, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 10-19, 2018.
  6. J. O. Han, "A Development of Engine and Fuelling Station for HCNG Fueled City Bus", Final Report for Project - A Development of Engine and Refueling Station for HCNG Fueled City Bus, Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute, 2016.
  7. H. S. Kwak and D. J. Park, "A Study on the Improvement of Reliability of Safety Instrumented Function of Hydrodesulfurization Reactor Heater", J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 7-15, 2017. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2017.32.4.7
  8. Y. C. Jin, "Technical Guide for HAZOP Methodology of Continuous Process System", The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), P-82-2012, 2012.
  9. A. Kumar, M. Baldea and T. F. Edgar, "A Physics-based Model for Industrial Steam-methane Reformer Optimization with Non-uniform Temperature Field", Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 105, pp. 224-236, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.01.002
  10. G. S. Lee, "Technical Guide for LOPA Methodology", The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA), P-113-2012, 2012.
  11. A. C. Torres-Echeverria, "On the use of LOPA and Risk Graphs for SIL Determination", Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Vol. 41, pp. 333-343, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2015.12.007
  12. K. Tae. Song and S. I. Lee, "Quantitative Risk Reduction Model according to SIL Allocated by Risk Graph for Railway Platform Door System", J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 141-148, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2016.31.5.141
  13. M. S. Baek, H. A. Jang, and H. M. Kwon, "A Model of Operational Situation Analysis with Functional Safety for ASIL Determination", J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 160-167, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2014.29.4.160
  14. International Electrotechnical Commission, "IEC 61508: 2010 Functional Safety of Electrical / Electronic / Programmable Electronic Safety-related Systems", Part 1-7, 2010.
  15. International Electrotechnical Commission, "IEC 61511: 2010 Functional Safety-Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector", Part 1-4, 2010.
  16. A. M. Dowell, "Layer of Protection Analysis: Simplified Process Risk Assessment", Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), 2001.
  17. J. H. Kim, D. J. Lee, H. H. Lee and M. G. Chun, "Safety Evaluation according to Controller Configuration using Safety Integrity Level", The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers, Vol. 66P, No. 1, pp. 43-47, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5370/KIEEP.2017.66.1.043
  18. A. C. Torres-Echeverra, S. Marotrell and H. A. Thompson, "Modeling Safety Instrumented Systems with MooN Voting Architectures Addressing System Reconfiguration for Testing", Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Vol. 96, pp. 545-563, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2010.12.003
  19. I. J. Lee and R. H. Kim, "Safety Enhancement of LPG Terminal by LOPA & SIF Method", Korean Chem. Eng. Res., Vol. 53, Issue 4, pp. 431-439, 2015. https://doi.org/10.9713/kcer.2015.53.4.431