Steel and Composite Structures

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Optimizing reinforced concrete beams under different load cases and material mechanical properties using genetic algorithms

  • Zhu, Enqiang (Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University) ;
  • Najem, Rabi Muyad (Department of civil engineering, MosulUniversity) ;
  • Dinh-Cong, Du (Division of Construction Computation, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University) ;
  • Shao, Zehui (Institute of Computing Science and Technology, Guangzhou University) ;
  • Wakil, Karzan (Research Center, Sulaimani Polytechnic University) ;
  • Ho, Lanh Si (Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University) ;
  • Alyousef, Rayed (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University) ;
  • Alabduljabbar, Hisham (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University) ;
  • Alaskar, Abdulaziz (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University) ;
  • Alrshoudi, Fahed (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University) ;
  • Mohamed, Abdeliazim Mustafa (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University)
  • Received : 2019.07.01
  • Accepted : 2019.10.21
  • Published : 2020.02.25
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Abstract

Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a meta-heuristic algorithm which is capable of providing robust solutions for optimal design of structural components, particularly those one needs considering many design requirements. Hence, it has been successfully used by engineers in the typology optimization of structural members. As a novel approach, this study employs GA in order for conducting a case study with high constraints on the optimum mechanical properties of reinforced concrete (RC) beams under different load combinations. Accordingly, unified optimum sections through a computer program are adopted to solve the continuous beams problem. Genetic Algorithms proved in finding the optimum resolution smoothly and flawlessly particularly in case of handling many complicated constraints like a continuous beam subjected to different loads as moments shear - torsion regarding the curbs of design codes.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Key R & D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFA0706402). The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support received from the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the technical and financial support of the Research Center of College of Engineering, Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University.

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  83. Shariati, M., Rafiei, S., Mehrabi, P., Zandi, Y., Fooladvand, R., Gharehaghaj, B., Shariati, A., Trung, N.T., Salih, M.N. and Poi-Ngian, S. (2019d), "Experimental investigation on the effect of cementitious materials on fresh and mechanical properties of self-consolidating concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(3), 225-237. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.3.225.
  84. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N., Suhatril, M., Shariati, A., Arabnejad Khanouki, M. and Sinaei, H. (2012c), "Fatigue energy dissipation and failure analysis of channel shear connector embedded in the lightweight aggregate concrete in composite bridge girders", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Engineering Failure Analysis, 1-4 July 2012, Hilton Hotel, The Hague, The Netherlands.
  85. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H. and Arabnejad Khanouki, M. M. (2010), "Experimental and analytical study on channel shear connectors in light weight aggregate concrete", Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Steel & Composite Structures, 21 - 23 July, 2010, Sydney, Australia, Research Publishing Services.
  86. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H. and Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M. (2012d), "Experimental assessment of channel shear connectors under monotonic and fully reversed cyclic loading in high strength concrete", Mater. Design, 34, 325-331. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.08.008.
  87. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M. and Mahoutian, M. (2011a), "Shear resistance of channel shear connectors in plain, reinforced and lightweight concrete", Sci. Res. Essays, 6(4), 977-983.
  88. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M., Shafigh, P. and Sinaei, H. (2011b), "Assessing the strength of reinforced concrete structures through Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Schmidt Rebound Hammer tests", Sci. Res. Essays, 6(1), 213-220.
  89. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M. and Shariati, A. (2011c), "Experimental and numerical investigations of channel shear connectors in high strength concrete", Proceedings of the 2011 World Congress on Advances in Structural Engineering and Mechanics (ASEM'11+), Seoul, South Korea.
  90. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Shariati, A. and Khanouki, M.A. (2015d), "Behavior of V-shaped angle shear connectors: experimental and parametric study", Mater. Struct., 49(9), 3909-3926. DOI: 10.1617/s11527-015-0762-8.
  91. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Sinaei, H., Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M. and Shafigh, P. (2011d), "Behavior of channel shear connectors in normal and light weight aggregate concrete (Experimental and Analytical Study)", Adv. Mater. Res., 168, 2303-2307. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.168-170.2303
  92. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Suhatril, M., Shariati, A., Arabnejad Khanouki, M.M. and Sinaei, H. (2013), "Comparison of behaviour between channel and angle shear connectors under monotonic and fully reversed cyclic loading", Constr. Build. Mater., 38, 582-593. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.050.
  93. Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H., Suhatril, M., Shariati, A., Arabnejad.K.M.M. and Sinaei, H. (2012e), "Behaviour of Cshaped angle shear connectors under monotonic and fully reversed cyclic loading: An experimental study", Mater. Design, 41, 67-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.04.039
  94. Shariati, M., Safaei Faegh, S., Mehrabi, P., Bahavarnia, S., Zandi, Y., Rezaee Masoom, D., Toghroli, A., Trung, N.T. and Salih, M.N. (2019e), "Numerical study on the structural performance of corrugated low yield point steel plate shear walls with circular openings", Steel Compos. Struct., 33(4), 569-581. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.33.4.569.
  95. Shariati, M., Shariati, A., Sulong, N.R., Suhatril, M. and Khanouki, M.A. (2014b), "Fatigue energy dissipation and failure analysis of angle shear connectors embedded in high strength concrete", Eng. Fail. Anal., 41, 124-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.02.017
  96. Shariati, M., Sulong, N.H.R., Shariati, A. and Kueh, A.B.H. (2016), "Comparative performance of channel and angle shear connectors in high strength concrete composites: An experimental study", Constr. Build. Mater., 120, 382-392. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.102.
  97. Shariati, M., Tahir, M.M., Wee, T.C., Shah, S.N.R., Jalali, A., Abdullahi, M.M. and Khorami, M. (2018), "Experimental investigations on monotonic and cyclic behavior of steel pallet rack connections", Eng. Fail. Anal., 85, 149-166. DOI:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.08.014.
  98. Shariati, M., Toghroli, A., Jalali, A. and Ibrahim, Z. (2017), "Assessment of stiffened angle shear connector under monotonic and fully reversed cyclic loading", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Mechanical Engineering - CSM 2017, Zurich, Switzerland.
  99. Shariati, M., Trung, N.T., Wakil, K., Mehrabi, P., Safa, M. and Khorami, M. (2019f), "Estimation of moment and rotation of steel rack connections using extreme learning machine", Steel Compos. Struct., 31(5), 427-435. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.31.5.427.
  100. Sharma, U. K., Usmani, A., Bhargava, P., Torero, J., Singh, B., Gillie, M., Singh, Y., Pankaj, P., Kumar, V., May, I., Kamath, P. and Zhang, J. (2012), "Full-scale testing of a damaged reinforced concrete frame in fire", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Structures and Buildings, 165(7), 335-346. DOI: 10.1680/stbu.11.00031.
  101. Shi, X., Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, M. and Ansari, R. (2019a). "Viscoelastic analysis of silica nanoparticle-polymer nanocomposites", Compos. Part B: Eng., 158, 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.084
  102. Shi, X., Jaryani, P., Amiri, A., Rahimi, A. and Malekshah, E.H. (2019b). "Heat transfer and nanofluid flow of free convection in a quarter cylinder channel considering nanoparticle shape effect", Powder Technology, 346, 160-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.12.071.
  103. Sinaei, H., Jumaat, M.Z. and Shariati, M. (2011a). "Numerical investigation on exterior reinforced concrete Beam-Column joint strengthened by composite fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)", Int. J. Phys. Sci., 6(28), 6572-6579. DOI: 10.5897/ijps11.1225.
  104. Sinaei, H., Shariati, M., Abna, A., Aghaei, M. and Shariati, A. (2012). "Evaluation of reinforced concrete beam behaviour using finite element analysis by ABAQUS", Sci. Res. Essays, 7(21), 2002-2009. DOI: 10.5897/SRE11.1393.
  105. Suhatril, M., Osman, N., Sari, P.A., Shariati, M. and Marto, A. "Significance of surface eco-protection techniques for cohesive soils slope in selangor, Malaysia", Geotech. Geological Eng., 1-8.
  106. Tahmasbi, F., Maleki, S., Shariati, M., Ramli Sulong, N.H. and Tahir, M.M. (2016), "Shear capacity of C-shaped and L-shaped angle shear connectors", PLoS One, 11(8), e0156989. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156989.
  107. Toghroli, A. (2015), Applications of the ANFIS and LR Models in the Prediction of Shear Connection in Composite Beams, Jabatan Kejuruteraan Awam, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Malaya.
  108. Toghroli, A., Darvishmoghaddam, E., Zandi, Y., Parvan, M., Safa, M., Abdullahi, M., Heydari, A., Wakil, K., Gebreel, S.A. and Khorami, M. (2018a), "Evaluation of the parameters affecting the Schmidt rebound hammer reading using ANFIS method", Comput. Concrete, 21(5), 525-530. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2018.21.5.525.
  109. Toghroli, A., Mohammadhassani, M., Suhatril, M., Shariati, M. and Ibrahim, Z. (2014), "Prediction of shear capacity of channel shear connectors using the ANFIS model", Steel Compos. Struct., 17(5), 623-639. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2014.17.5.623.
  110. Toghroli, A., Shariati, M., Karim, M.R. and Ibrahim, Z. (2017), "Investigation on composite polymer and silica fume-rubber aggregate pervious concrete", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Mechanical Engineering - CSM 2017, Zurich, Switzerland.
  111. Toghroli, A., Shariati, M., Sajedi, F., Ibrahim, Z., Koting, S., Mohamad, E.T. and Khorami, M. (2018b), "A review on pavement porous concrete using recycled waste materials", Smart Struct. Syst., 22(4), 433-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.22.4.433.
  112. Toghroli, A., Suhatril, M., Ibrahim, Z., Safa, M., Shariati, M. and Shamshirband, S. (2016), "Potential of soft computing approach for evaluating the factors affecting the capacity of steel-concrete composite beam", J. Intel. Manufact., 29(8), 1793-1801. DOI: 10.1007/s10845-016-1217-y.
  113. Trung, N.T., Alemi, N., Haido, J.H., Shariati, M., Baradaran, S. and Yousif, S.T. (2019a). "Reduction of cement consumption by producing smart green concretes with natural zeolites", Smart Struct. Syst., 24(3), 415-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2018.24.3.415.
  114. Trung, N.T., Shahgoli, A.F., Zandi, Y., Shariati, M., Wakil, K., Safa, M. and Khorami, M. (2019b), "Moment-rotation prediction of precast beam-to-column connections using extreme learning machine", Struct. Eng. Mech., 70(5), 639-647. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2019.70.5.639.
  115. Wei, X., Shariati, M., Zandi, Y., Pei, S., Jin, Z., Gharachurlu, S., Abdullahi, M., Tahir, M. and Khorami, M. (2018). "Distribution of shear force in perforated shear connectors", Steel Compos. Struct., 27(3), 389-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.3.389
  116. Xie, Q., Sinaei, H., Shariati, M., Khorami, M., Mohamad, E.T. and Bui, D. T. (2019). "An experimental study on the effect of CFRP on behavior of reinforce concrete beam column connections", Steel Compos. Struct., 30(5), 433-441. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2019.30.5.433.
  117. Xu, C., Zhang, X., Haido, J.H., Mehrabi, P., Shariati, A., Mohamad, E.T., Hoang, N. and Wakil, K. (2019). "Using genetic algorithms method for the paramount design of reinforced concrete structures", Struct. Eng. Mech., 71(5), 503-513. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.71.5.503.
  118. Zandi, Y., Shariati, M., Marto, A., Wei, X., Karaca, Z., Dao, D., Toghroli, A., Hashemi, M. H., Sedghi, Y. and Wakil, K. (2018). "Computational investigation of the comparative analysis of cylindrical barns subjected to earthquake", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(4), 439-447. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.4.439.
  119. Zhao, J., Chen, Z., Mehrmashhadi, J. and Bobaru, F. (2019). "A stochastic multiscale peridynamic model for corrosion-induced fracture in concrete", DOI: 10.31224/osf.io/mkzp5.
  120. Zhao, J.M., Chen, Z.G., Mehrmashhadi, J. and Bobaru, F. (2018), "Construction of a peridynamic model for transient advectiondiffusion problems", Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 126, 1253-1266. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.06.075.
  121. Ziaei-Nia, A., Shariati, M. and Elnaz;, S. (2018), "Dynamic mix design optimization of high-performance concrete", Steel Compos. Struct., 29(1), 67-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.29.1.067.

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