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Comparison of Occupational Danger and Physical Health Problems of Workers according to the Form of Employment

고용형태에 따른 근로자의 위험 및 건강에 대한 비교

  • Oh, Changseok (Department of Healthcare Management, Youngsan University) ;
  • Jeon, Hui Won (Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University)
  • 오창석 (영산대학교 의료경영학과) ;
  • 전희원 (연세대학교 대학원 보건행정학과)
  • Received : 2020.02.01
  • Accepted : 2020.03.30
  • Published : 2020.03.31

Abstract

Objectives: The study aims to compare indirect form of employment with direct form of employment on the variables of occupational danger and physical health. Methods: I studied based on the data of 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) which was performed by Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute of Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency in 2017. SAS 9.4 was used for statistical analysis of the final data. Results: Based on the verification result, the hazard is higher for direct employment than for dispatch or subcontract in case of exposure to risks in the health and social welfare industry. Based on cross tabulation, significant differences were found in the proportions of harmful and safe tasks in direct employment and those in outsourcing in the physical health industry. It was found that the risk of hazard is 2.18 times higher in outsourcing jobs than in direct employment. Conclusions: It is necessary to consider a dispatch and subcontract partner as a strategic partner and not simply hand over dangerous or hard tasks to them. Active and aggressive cooperation along with support from the employer enterprise built in the contract is necessary for the safety and health of dispatch or subcontract laborers.

목적 : 본 연구에서는 간접고용이 직접고용의 고용형태가 위험과 건강에 얼마나 차이를 나타내는가를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 연구는 안전보건공단 산업안전보건 연구원에서 2017년에 실시한 5차 근로환경조사(Korean Working Conditions Survey: KWCS)자료를 바탕으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 보건업에서 위험 요인 노출의 경우 파견, 용역에 비해 직접고용의 위험 노출이 더 높게 나타났다. 반면 건설업에서는 직접고용보다 파견과 용역에서 위험 노출이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 고용형태에 따른 건강영향의 교차분석을 실시하였다. 교차분석의 결과 직접고용과 외주에 따라 업무가 건강에 위해하지 않음과 위해함의 비율에 대한 차이는 유의하게 나타났고, 직접고용에 비해 외주의 경우 위험도는 2.18배 높게 나타났다. 결론 : 파견과 용역의 고용형태는 직접고용에 비교하여 근로자가 더 위험에 노출되어 있는 것으로 답변하였다. 또한 직접고용에 비해 외주는 근로자의 건강위해에 2배 가까운 위험도를 나타냈다. 이를 해결하기 위해 파견과 용역의 파트너에게 위험하거나 힘든 일을 전가하는 것이 아닌 사업의 전략적 파트너로서 간주할 필요가 있다. 즉 파견, 용역 근로자의 안전보건을 위해 계약에서의 원청업체의 능동적이고 적극적인 협력 및 지원이 필요하다. 이 연구를 통해 위험을 둘러싼 근로 환경과 규범이 재구성되어, 모든 근로자에게 더 안전하고 건강한 직장환경이 조성되기를 기대한다.

Keywords

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