Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science

Korean Academy of Periodontology (대한치주과학회)
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Chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite coatings on porous Ti6Al4V titanium implants: in vitro and in vivo studies

  • Zhang, Ting (Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University School of Stomatology) ;
  • Zhang, Xinwei (The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University) ;
  • Mao, Mengyun (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine) ;
  • Li, Jiayi (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine) ;
  • Wei, Ting (Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sun, Huiqiang (Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong University School of Stomatology)
  • Received : 2019.11.19
  • Accepted : 2020.06.05
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Purpose: Titanium implants are widely used in the treatment of dentition defects; however, due to problems such as osseointegration failure, peri-implant bone resorption, and periimplant inflammation, their application is subject to certain restrictions. The surface modification of titanium implants can improve the implant success rate and meet the needs of clinical applications. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of porous titanium with a chitosan/hydroxyapatite coating on osseointegration. Methods: Titanium implants with a dense core and a porous outer structure were prepared using a computer-aided design model and selective laser sintering technology, with a fabricated chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite coating on their surfaces. In vivo and in vitro experiments were used to assess osteogenesis. Results: The quasi-elastic gradient and compressive strength of porous titanium implants were observed to decrease as the porosity increased. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that, the porous titanium implants had no biological toxicity; additionally, the porous structure was shown to be superior to dense titanium with regard to facilitating the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vivo experimental results also showed that the porous structure was beneficial, as bone tissue could grow into the pores, thereby exhibiting good osseointegration. Conclusions: Porous titanium with a chitosan/hydroxyapatite coating promoted MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation, and also improved osseointegration in vitro. This study has meaningful implications for research into ways of improving the surface structures of implants and promoting implant osseointegration.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The titanium specimens were fabricated with the assistance of Shandong Maier Medical Technology Co., Ltd.

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