Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

  • Volume 42
  • /
  • Pages.23.1-23.11
  • /
  • 2020
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  • 2288-8101(pISSN)
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  • 2288-8586(eISSN)
Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한악안면성형재건외과학회)
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4-Hexylresorcinol induced angiogenesis potential in human endothelial cells

  • Kim, Min-Keun (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, and Institute of Oral Science) ;
  • Kim, Seong-Gon (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, and Institute of Oral Science) ;
  • Lee, Suk Keun (Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, and Institute of Oral Science)
  • Received : 2020.03.27
  • Accepted : 2020.05.11
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Background: 4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is able to increase angiogenesis. However, its molecular mechanism in the human endothelial cells has not been clarified. Methods: As endothelial cells are important in angiogenesis, we treated the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with 4HR and investigated protein expressional changes by immunoprecipitation high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC) using 96 antisera. Results: Here, we found that 4HR upregulated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization pathways. 4HR also increased expression of caspases and subsequent cellular apoptosis. Mechanistically, 4HR increased TGF-β1 production and subsequent activation of SMADs/VEGFs, RAF-B/ERK and p38 signaling, and M2 macrophage polarization. Conclusion: Collectively, 4HR activates TGF-β/SMAD/VEGF signaling in endothelial cells and induced vascular regeneration and remodeling for wound healing.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (Project no. PJ01313902)" Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

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