환경영향평가 (Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment)

한국환경영향평가학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment)
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미세먼지(PM10) 추세를 고려한 환경계획 적용 방향 제안

Application of Environmental Planning Considering the Trend of PM10 in Ambient Air

  • 투고 : 2020.05.12
  • 심사 : 2020.06.05
  • 발행 : 2020.06.30
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초록

대기 중의 미세먼지(PM10) 농도가 꾸준히 저감되어 왔음에도, 미세먼지관리에 대한 대국민 인식은 악화되었다. 그 이유에는 첫째, 여전히 WHO기준을 상회하는 미세먼지 연평균 농도, 둘째, 환경기준(150 mg/㎥) 초과일수의 증가, 셋째, 체계적으로 지역 특성을 고려한 환경계획 수립 미비 등이 있으며, 이러한 현안을 보완하는 것이 시급하다. 특히, 국내 미세먼지의 관리는 배출원 저감에만 집중되어 있기 때문에, 지역별 미세먼지의 발생원인과 현상을 분석하고 차별성, 시급성, 적용 가능성 등을 복합적으로 고려하여 실효성 있는 환경계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 2010년 이후 10년간 전국 69개 도시의 미세먼지의 농도변화 추세와 현재 수준을 고려하여 4가지 유형으로 분류하고, 각 유형별 미세먼지의 관리방향을 제시하였다. 특히 과거 10년 동안 미세먼지 개선정도가 미비하였던 관리유형 III(중부 내륙지역에 분포)과 IV(대도시, 남해·동해에 인접)를 중심으로 그린인프라 확충, 바람길 및 적응대책(노출의 제한) 도입 등의 보완 조치가 우선 필요함을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 미세먼지 발생 원인을 함께 고려하지 못하였지만, 과거의 경향에 기초하고 현재의 여건을 고려한 중·장기적 미세먼지 환경관리계획을 수립하는데 필요한 통계적 기법 제시와 방향을 제안하였다는 의의가 있다.

Even though PM10 in ambient air has been steadily reduced, the perception of it has been deteriorated. Forthatreason, first, it can still be mentioned the annual average concentration of PM10 exceeding WHO standards, second, an increase in the number of high concentration days of PM10, and third, lack of consideration for differences in causes and phenomena of PM10 by regions. Therefore, this study was aimed to suggest management types for PM10 in ambient air by clustering 69 cities based on the trends and current levels of PM10. In addition, we proposed complementary measures such as the green infrastructure, ventilation corridors and adaptation measures (limit of exposure) for type III (distribution in the central inner region) and IV (metropolitan city, south-east coast region) where improvement of PM10 was insufficient. Although this study did not consider the cause of PM10 together, there is a significance that the scientific basis for responding to the near future is conducted based on past trends of PM10.

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