Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research (한방비만학회지)

The Society of Korean Medicine for obesity Research (한방비만학회)
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Protective Effect of Protocatechuic Acid, Phenolic Compound of Momordica Charantia, against Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in C6 Glial Cell

여주의 페놀성 화합물인 Protocatechuic Acid의 산화적 스트레스 개선 및 신경염증 보호 효과

  • Kim, Ji-Hyun (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Choi, Jung Ran (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cho, Eun Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Young (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 김지현 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최정란 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 조은주 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김현영 (경남과학기술대학교 식품과학부)
  • Received : 2020.05.05
  • Accepted : 2020.06.10
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

Objectives: Oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation has been supposed as a crucial factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective activity against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation of protocatechuic acid (PA), active phenolic compound from Momordica Charantia. Methods: Protective activity of PA from oxidative stress was performed under in vitro conditions. Our study investigated the protective mechanism of PA from neuroinflammation in cellular system using C6 glial cell. To investigate the improvement the effects on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, we induced oxidative stress by H2O2 (100 μM) stimulation and induced neuroinflammation by treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 ㎍/mL) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (10 ng/mL) in C6 glial cells. Results: PA showed strong radical scavenging effect against 1,1-dipenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxy radical (·OH) and nitric oxide (NO). Under oxidative stress treated by H2O2, the result showed the increased mRNA expressions of oxidative stress markers such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). However, the treatment of PA led to reduced mRNA expressions of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS. Moreover, PA attenuated the production of interleukin-6 and scavenged NO generated by both endotoxin LPS and IFN-γ together. Furthermore, it also reduced LPS and IFN-γ-induced mRNA expressions of iNOS and COX-2. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results collectively suggest that PA, phenolic compound of Momordica Charantia, could be a safe anti-oxidant and a promising anti-neuroinflammatory molecule for neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords

References

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