Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회지)

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Review on Gynecomastia and Male Breast Cancer for Radiologists

영상의학과 의사들을 위한 여성형 유방과 남성 유방암에 관한 리뷰

  • Eun Jin Hwang (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center) ;
  • Joo Hee Cha (Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center)
  • 황은진 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 차주희 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2019.12.27
  • Accepted : 2020.03.31
  • Published : 2020.09.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The most common cause of a palpable mass or asymmetry in male breast is gynecomastia; however, male breast cancer should not be overlooked as a cause, even though it is rare. It is important to know the anatomy and frequency of diseases that affect the male breast, and the differences compared to females, to make an accurate diagnosis and reduce unnecessary examinations and surgical procedures. This review aims to summarize the algorithm of breast exam in symptomatic men, gynecomastia, and breast cancer.

남성에서 만져지는 종괴나 비대칭적인 유방 등의 증상을 일으키는 가장 흔한 원인은 여성형 유방이며, 남성 유방암은 매우 드물긴 하지만 간과해서는 안 되는 질환이다. 남성 유방의 해부학과 호발하는 질환을 알고 여성과의 차이를 숙지하여 정확히 진단하고 불필요한 검사나 외과적 절제술을 줄이는 것이 중요하다. 이 종설에서는 증상이 있는 남성에서의 유방 검사 알고리즘과 여성형 유방 및 남성 유방암에 대하여 정리하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Korean Society of Breast Imaging. Breast diagnostic imaging. 2nd ed. Seoul: Ilchokak 2012
  2. Moon W. Breast ultrasound. 2nd ed. Seoul: Ilchokak 2019
  3. Chau A, Jafarian N, Rosa M. Male breast: clinical and imaging evaluations of benign and malignant entities with histologic correlation. Am J Med 2016;129:776-791 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.01.009
  4. Niell BL, Lourenco AP, Moy L, Baron P, Didwania AD, DiFlorio-Alexander RM, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria(R) evaluation of the symptomatic male breast. J Am Coll Radiol 2018;15:S313-S320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2018.09.017
  5. Munoz Carrasco R, Alvarez Benito M, Munoz Gomariz E, Raya Povedano JL, Martinez Paredes M. Mammography and ultrasound in the evaluation of male breast disease. Eur Radiol 2010;20:2797-2805 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-010-1867-7
  6. Lapid O, Siebenga P, Zonderland HM. Overuse of imaging the male breast-findings in 557 patients. Breast J 2015;21:219-223 https://doi.org/10.1111/tbj.12393
  7. Yen PP, Sinha N, Barnes PJ, Butt R, Iles S. Benign and malignant male breast diseases: radiologic and pathologic correlation. Can Assoc Radiol J 2015;66:198-207 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2015.01.002
  8. Yitta S, Singer CI, Toth HB, Mercado CL. Image presentation. Sonographic appearances of benign and malignant male breast disease with mammographic and pathologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med 2010;29:931-947 https://doi.org/10.7863/jum.2010.29.6.931
  9. Charlot M, Beatrix O, Chateau F, Dubuisson J, Golfier F, Valette PJ, et al. Pathologies of the male breast. Diagn Interv Imaging 2013;94:26-37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diii.2012.10.011
  10. Madhukar M, Chetlen A. Multimodality imaging of benign and malignant male breast disease. Clin Radiol 2013;68:e698-e706 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2013.07.007
  11. Johnson RE, Kermott CA, Murad MH. Gynecomastia - evaluation and current treatment options. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2011;7:145-148
  12. Baumann K. Gynecomastia - conservative and surgical management. Breast Care (Basel) 2018;13:419-424 https://doi.org/10.1159/000494276
  13. Javidiparsijani S, Rosen LE, Gattuso P. Male breast carcinoma: a clinical and pathological review. Int J Surg Pathol 2017;25:200-205 https://doi.org/10.1177/1066896916675953
  14. Gucalp A, Traina TA, Eisner JR, Parker JS, Selitsky SR, Park BH, et al. Male breast cancer: a disease distinct from female breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019;173:37-48 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-018-4921-9
  15. Kim SH, Kim YS. Ultrasonographic and mammographic findings of male breast disease. J Ultrasound Med 2019;38:243-252 https://doi.org/10.1002/jum.14665
  16. Yuan WH, Li AF, Chou YH, Hsu HC, Chen YY. Clinical and ultrasonographic features of male breast tumors: a retrospective analysis. PLoS One 2018;13:e0194651
  17. Dong C, Hemminki K. Second primary breast cancer in men. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2001;66:171-172 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010639429207
  18. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): genetic/familial high-risk assessment-breast and ovarian, version1.2018. Available at. https://www.nccn. org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/genetics_bop.pdf. Published Oct 3, 2017. Accessed Dec 1, 2019
  19. Gao Y, Goldberg JE, Young TK, Babb JS, Moy L, Heller SL. Breast cancer screening in high-risk men: a 12-year longitudinal observational study of male breast imaging utilization and outcomes. Radiology 2019;293:282-291 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2019190971
  20. Gao Y, Heller SL, Moy L. Male breast cancer in the age of genetic testing: an opportunity for early detection, tailored therapy, and surveillance. Radiographics 2018;38:1289-1311 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018180013