Elastomers and Composites

The Rubber Society of Korea (한국고무학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Overview of Hydrolysis : A Review Part II- Hydrolysis Application

  • Received : 2020.05.21
  • Accepted : 2020.06.19
  • Published : 2020.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Part 1 provides a theoretical introduction of the hydrolysis mechanism, while Part 2 introduces other types of reaction mechanisms after hydrolysis in elastomer and PA66 composites. We reviewed the condensation reaction, which occurs after hydrolysis in bi-functional alkoxy silane (TESPD & TESPT), and investigated its effects on the mechanical properties of the composites. We also reviewed activators such as zinc soap, which enhances the mechanical properties of silica-silane-filled elastomer composites. The interaction parameter of silica-silane-filled elastomer composites [αC (alpha C)] were also discussed. The effects of hydrolysis on the mechanical property changes in plastic composites were compared and reviewed.

Keywords

References

  1. D. Heiken and W. Barentsen, "Particle dimensions in polystyrene/polyethylene blends as a function of their melt viscosity and of the concentration of added graft copolymer", Polymer, 18, 69 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(77)90264-6
  2. J. Y. Lee and K. J. Kim, "Overview of Polyamide Resins and Composites : A Review", Elast. Compos., 51, 317 (2016). https://doi.org/10.7473/EC.2016.51.4.317
  3. K. J. Kim, "Amino silane, vinyl silane, TESPD, ZS (TESPD/zinc complex) effects on carbon black/clay filled chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR) compounds; Part II: Effects on soft clay/carbon black filled compounds", Carbon Letters, 10, 109 (2009). https://doi.org/10.5714/CL.2009.10.2.109
  4. K. J. Kim and J. Vanderkooi, "TESPT Treated Silica Compounds on and TESPD Rheological Property and Silica Break Down in Natural Rubber", Kautschuk Gummi Kunststoffe, 55, 518 (2002).
  5. S. M. Kim and K. J. Kim, "Effects of silica-silane for CIIR vibration isolation compound upon increased mechanical properties", Polymer(Korea), 39, 107 (2015).
  6. K. J. Kim and J. L. White, "TESPT and Different Aliphatic Silane Treated Silica Compounds Effects on Silica Agglomerate Dispersion and on Processability During Mixing in EPDM", J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 7, 50 (2001).
  7. K. J. Kim, Carbon Letters, "Amino silane, vinyl silane, TESPD, ZS (TESPD/zinc complex) effects on carbon black/clay filled chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR) compounds; Part II: Effects on soft clay/carbon black filled compounds", 10, 109 (2009). https://doi.org/10.5714/CL.2009.10.2.109
  8. T. T. N. Dang, J. K. Kim, and K. J. Kim, "Organo bifunctional silane effects on the vibration, thermal, and mechanical properties of a vinyl-group-containing silicone rubber/natural rubber/silica compound", J. Vinyl & Additive Technol., 16, 254 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20240
  9. A. D. Roberts (Ed), Natural Rubber Science and Technology, Oxford Science Publishers, New York (1988), Chapter 12.
  10. K. J. Kim and J. Vanderkooi, "Effects of Zinc Ion Containing Surfactant on Bifunctional Silane Treated Silica Compounds in Natural Rubber", J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 8, 334 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1021/i500004a015
  11. K. J. Kim, "Silane effects on in-rubber silica dispersion and silica structure (${\alpha}_F$): A Review", Asian J. Chemistry, 25, 5119 (2013). https://doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2013.F1
  12. R. K. Gupta, E. Kennal, and K. J. Kim, "Polymer Nanocomposites Handbook", 2009, CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  13. S. M. Kim, M. K. Jang, C. Y. Choi, J. W. Nah, and K. J. Kim, "Effects of silane concentration on the silica-silica interaction parameter (${\alpha}_F$) of silica/natural rubber compound"] Elast. Compos., 47, 23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.7473/EC.2012.47.1.023
  14. J. Y. Lee and K. J. Kim, "MEG effects on hydrolysis of polyamide 66/glass fiber composites and mechanical property changes", Molecules, 24, 755 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040755
  15. J. Y. Lee and K. J. Kim, "Measurement of degree of hydrolysis of a PA66/GF composite using a py-GC/MS analysis", Elast. Compos., 52, 59 (2017). https://doi.org/10.7473/EC.2017.52.1.59
  16. S. M. Kim and K. J. Kim, "Hydrolysis resistance and mechanical property changes of glass fiber filled polyketone composites upon glass fiber concentration", Elast. Compos., 52, 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.7473/EC.2017.52.1.1
  17. N. Sombatsompop and K. Chaochanchaikul, "Effect of moisture content on mechanical properties, thermal and structural stability and extrudate texture of poly(vinyl chloride)/wood sawdust composites", Polym. Int., 53, 1210 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.1535
  18. E. Drent, W. P. Mul, and A. A. Smaardijk, "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2001.
  19. C. Bianchini and A. Meli, "Alternating copolymerization of carbon monoxide and olefins by single-site metal catalysis", Coord. Chem. Rev., 225, 35 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-8545(01)00405-2
  20. E. Drent, "Process for the preparation of polyketones", European Patent 0121965 A2 (1984).
  21. R. L. Danforth, J. M. Machado, and J. C. M. Jordan, "Development of a New Polymer Family of Thermoplastic Aliphatic Polyketones", SPE ANTEC, 2316 (1995).
  22. M. Kutz, "Applied plastics engineering handbook", pp. 3-26, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2016.
  23. J. H. Yun, J. H. Yoon, S. M. Ha, and J. H. Kim, "Preparation and Properties of Polyketone/Rubber Blend to Improve Heatresistance", Elast. Compos., 49, 37 (2014). https://doi.org/10.7473/EC.2014.49.1.37
  24. A. Lasagabaster, M. J. Abad, L. Barral, and A. Ares, "FTIR study on the nature of water sorbed in polypropylene (PP)/ethylene alcohol vinyl (EVOH) films", Eur. Polym. J., 42, 3121 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.03.029
  25. M. Kohan, "Nylon Plastics Handbook", Hanser/ Gardner, New York, 1995.
  26. N. Abacha, M. Kubouchi, and T. Sakai, "Diffusion behavior of water in polyamide 6 organoclay nanocomposites", Express Polym. Lett., 3, 245 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.31
  27. J. L. Thomason, "The influence of fibre length, diameter and concentration on the impact performance of long glass-fibre reinforced polyamide 6,6", Composites Part A, 40, 114 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.10.013
  28. M. T. Hahn, R. W. Hertzberg, J. A. Manson, and L. H. Sperling, "The influence of temperature and absorbed water on the fatigue crack propagation in nylon66", Polymer, 27, 1885 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(86)90176-X
  29. S. M. Kim and K. J. Kim, "Effects of moisture and temperature on recrystallization and mechanical property improvement of PA66/GF composite", Polymer(Korea), 39, 880 (2015). https://doi.org/10.7317/pk.2015.39.6.880
  30. H. H. G. Jellinek and S. R. Dunkle, "Degradation and Stabilization of Polymers, Elsevier", New York, 1983.
  31. D. H. Mackerron and R. P. Gordon, "Minor products from the pyrolysis of thin films of poly(hexamethylene adipamide)", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 12, 277 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(85)90095-3