Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of additives on the fermentation quality, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves silage

  • Dong, Zhihao (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Wang, Siran (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Zhao, Jie (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Junfeng (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Shao, Tao (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2019.05.24
  • Accepted : 2019.09.15
  • Published : 2020.08.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: To explore feed resources capable of replacing regular poor-quality fodder, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of additives on the fermentation quality, in vitro digestibility and aerobic stability of mulberry leaves silage. Methods: The mulberry leaves were ensiled either untreated (control) or treated with 1×106 cfu/g fresh matter Lactobacillus plantarum (L), 1% glucose (G), 3% molasses (M), a combination of 1% glucose and Lactobacillus plantarum (L+G), and a combination of 3% molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum (L+M). The fermentation quality and chemical composition were analyzed after 7, 14, 30, and 60 d, respectively. The 60-d silages were subjected to an aerobic stability test and fermented with buffered rumen fluid to measure the digestibility. Results: Inoculating lactic acid bacteria (LAB) resulted in more rapid increase in lactic acid concentrations and decline in pH of mulberry leaves silage as compared control. Higher acetic acid and lower ethanol and ammonia nitrogen concentrations (p<0.05) were observed in the LAB-inoculated silages as opposed to control during ensiling. The LAB-inoculated silages contained lower water-soluble carbohydrates compared with control during the first 14 d of ensiling, and lower neutral detergent fibre (p<0.05) concentrations as compared with non-LAB inoculated silages. Adding molasses alone increased (p<0.05) the digestibility of dry matter (DM). The aerobic stability of mulberry leaves silage was increased by LAB inoculation, whereas decreased by adding glucose or molasses. Conclusion: The LAB inoculation improved fermentation quality and aerobic stability of mulberry leaves silage, while adding glucose or molasses failed to affect the fermentation and impaired the aerobic stability. Inoculating LAB alone is recommended for mulberry leaves especially when ensiled at a relatively high DM.

Keywords

References

  1. Cheong S-H, Kim KH, Jeon BT, et al. Effect of mulberry silage supplementation during late fattening stage of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steer on antioxidative enzyme activity within the longissimus muscle. Anim Prod Sci 2012;52:240-7. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN11087
  2. Hejcman M, Hejcmanova P, Pavlu V, Thorhallsdottir AG. Forage quality of leaf fodder from the main woody species in Iceland and its potential use for livestock in the past and present. Grass Forage Sci 2016;71:649-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12224
  3. Chen L, Guo G, Yuan X, Zhang J, Li J, Shao T. Effects of applying molasses, lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro gas production of total mixed ration silage prepared with oat-common vetch intercrop on the Tibetan Plateau. J Sci Food Agric 2016;96:1678-85. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7271
  4. Seppala A, Heikkila T, Maki M, Rinne M. Effects of additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of grass silages and total mixed rations. Grass Forage Sci 2016;71:458-71. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12221
  5. Zheng ML, Niu DZ, Jiang D, Zuo SS, Xu CC. Dynamics of microbial community during ensiling direct-cut alfalfa with and without LAB inoculant and sugar. J Appl Microbiol 2017;122:1456-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13456
  6. Guo XS, Ke WC, Ding WR, et al. Profiling of metabolome and bacterial community dynamics in ensiled Medicago sativa inoculated without or with Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus buchneri. Sci Rep 2018;8:357. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18348-0
  7. Arriola KG, Queiroz OCM, Romero JJ, et al. Effect of microbial inoculants on the quality and aerobic stability of bermudagrass round-bale haylage. J Dairy Sci 2015;98:478-85. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8411
  8. Li M, Zi X, Zhou H, Hou G, Cai Y. Effects of sucrose, glucose, molasses and cellulase on fermentation quality and in vitro gas production of king grass silage. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014;197:206-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014. 06.016
  9. Zhang Y-C, Li D-X, Wang X-K, et al. Fermentation quality and aerobic stability of mulberry silage prepared with lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid. Anim Sci J 2019;90:513-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.13181
  10. Oliveira AS, Weinberg ZG, Ogunade IM, et al. Meta-analysis of effects of inoculation with homofermentative and facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation, aerobic stability, and the performance of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017;100:4587-603. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11815
  11. AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis, 21th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA: AOAC International; 2019. https://doi.org/10.3109/155636576089 88149
  12. Dong Z, Yuan X, Wen A, Desta ST, Shao T. Effects of calcium propionate on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage. Asian-Australas J Anim 2017;30:1278-84. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0956
  13. Chen L, Guo G, Yu C, Zhang J, Shimojo M, Shao T. The effects of replacement of whole-plant corn with oat and common vetch on the fermentation quality, chemical composition and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silage in Tibet. Anim Sci J 2015;86:69-76. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12245
  14. Playne MJ, McDonald P. The buffering constituents of herbage and of silage. J Sci Food Agric 1966;17:264-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740170609
  15. Sun L, Wang Z, Gentu G, Jia Y, Hou M, Cai Y. Changes in microbial population and chemical composition of corn stover during field exposure and effects on silage fermentation and in vitro digestibility. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2019;32:815-25. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.18.0514
  16. Menke K. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Anim Res Dev 1988;28:7-55.
  17. Yang J, Tan H, Cai Y. Characteristics of lactic acid bacteria isolates and their effect on silage fermentation of fruit residues. J Dairy Sci 2016;99:5325-34. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-10952
  18. Meeske R, Merwe GDVD, Greyling JF, Cruywagen CW. The effect of adding an enzyme containing lactic acid bacterial inoculant to big round bale oat silage on intake, milk production and milk composition of Jersey cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2002;97:159-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401 (01)00352-2
  19. Whiter AG, Kung Jr L. The effect of a dry or liquid application of Lactobacillus plantarum MTD1 on the fermentation of alfalfa silage. J Dairy Sci 2001;84:2195-202. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74666-8
  20. Li J, Yuan X, Desta ST, Dong Z, Mugabe W, Shao T. Characterization of Enterococcus faecalis JF85 and Enterococcus faecium Y83 isolated from Tibetan yak (Bos grunniens) for ensiling Pennisetum sinese. Bioresour Technol 2018;257:76-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.070
  21. Cao Y, Takahashi T, Ken-ichi H, Yoshida N. Effect of adding lactic acid bacteria and molasses on fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal digestion of total mixed ration silage prepared with whole crop rice. Grassl Sci 2010;56:19-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-697X.2009.00168.x
  22. Guo X, Zhou H, Yu Z, Zhang Y. Changes in the distribution of nitrogen and plant enzymatic activity during ensilage of lucerne treated with different additives. Grass Forage Sci 2007;62:35-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2007.00559.x
  23. Filya I, Muck RE, Contreras-Govea FE. Inoculant effects on alfalfa silage: fermentation products and nutritive value. J Dairy Sci 2007;90:5108-14. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006- 877
  24. Wang S, Yuan X, Dong Z, Li J, Shao T. Effect of ensiling corn stover with legume herbages in different proportions on fermentation characteristics, nutritive quality and in vitro digestibility on the Tibetan Plateau. Grassl Sci 2017;63:236-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/grs.12173
  25. Jones BA, Hatfield RD, Muck RE. Effect of fermentation and bacterial inoculation on lucerne cell walls. J Sci Food Agric 1992;60:147-53. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740600203
  26. Bayatkouhsar J, Tahmasbi AM, Naserian AA. Effects of microbial inoculant on composition, aerobic stability, in situ ruminal degradability and in vitro gas production of corn silage. Int J Agrisci 2012;2:766-73.
  27. Sahoo B, Walli TK. Effects of formaldehyde treated mustard cake and molasses supplementation on nutrient utilization, microbial protein supply and feed efficiency in growing kids. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008;142:220-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.08.007
  28. Weinberg ZG, Shatz O, Chen Y, et al. Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on in vitro digestibility of wheat and corn silages. J Dairy Sci 2007;90:4754-62. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0176
  29. Qiu X, Guo G, Yuan X, Shao T. Effects of adding acetic acid and molasses on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of total mixed ration silage prepared with hulless barley straw in Tibet. Grassl Sci 2014;60:206-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/grs.12062

Cited by

  1. Effects of different lactic acid bacteria groups and fibrolytic enzymes as additives on silage quality: A meta-analysis vol.14, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100654