Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

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Analysis of Data Characteristics by UAV LiDAR Sensor

무인항공 LiDAR 센서에 따른 데이터 특성 분석

  • Park, Joon-Kyu (Department of Civil Engineering, Seoil University) ;
  • Lee, Keun-Wang (Department of the Multimedia Science, Chungwoon University)
  • 박준규 (서일대학교 토목공학과) ;
  • 이근왕 (청운대학교 멀티미디어학과)
  • Received : 2020.02.24
  • Accepted : 2020.05.08
  • Published : 2020.05.31
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Abstract

UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are used widely for military purposes because they are more economical than general manned aircraft and satellites, and have easy access to the object. Recently, owing to the development of IT technology, UAV equipped with various sensors have been released, and their use is increasing in a wide range of fields, such as surveying, agriculture, meteorological observation, communication, broadcasting, and sports. An increasing number of studies and attempts have made use of it. On the other hand, existing research was related mostly to photogrammetry, but there has been a lack of analytical research on LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). Therefore, this study examined the characteristics of a UAV LiDAR sensor for the application of a geospatial information field. In this study, the performance of commercialized LiDAR sensors, such as the acquisition speed and the number of echoes, was investigated, and data acquisition and analysis were conducted by selecting Surveyor Ultra and VX15 models with similar accuracy and data acquisition distances. As a result, a DSM of each study site was generated for each sensor, and the characteristics of data density, precision, and acquisition of ground data from vegetation areas were presented through comparison. In addition, the UAV LiDAR sensor showed an accuracy of 0.03m ~ 0.05m. Hence, it is necessary to select equipment considering the characteristics of data for effective use. In the future, the use of UAV LiDAR may be suggested if additional data can be obtained and analyzed for various areas, such as urban areas and forest areas.

UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)는 일반 유인 항공기나 위성에 비해 경제성이 크고, 대상물에 접근이 용이하여 군사적인 목적으로 많이 이용되어 왔다. 최근에는 IT 기술의 발전으로 다양한 센서를 탑재한 UAV가 출시되고 있으며 측량, 농업, 기상관측, 통신, 방송, 스포츠 등 광범위한 분야에서 이용이 증가하고 있으며, 공간정보를 제작하고 활용하는 분야에서 UAV를 활용하기 위한 다양한 연구와 시도가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 기존의 연구는 사진측량과 관련된 연구가 대부분이며, LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging)에 대한 분석적 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 공간정보 분야 활용을 위한 UAV LiDAR 센서의 특징을 분석하고자 하였다. LiDAR 센서의 취득속도, 반사횟수 등 상용화된 LiDAR 센서의 성능을 조사하고, 비슷한 정확도와 데이터 취득 가능 거리를 가지는 Surveyor Ultra와 VX15 모델을 선정하여 데이터 취득 및 분석을 수행하였다. 연구를 통해 각 센서별로 연구대상지의 DSM(Digital Surface Model)을 생성하고, 비교를 통해 데이터의 밀도, 정밀도, 식생지역에서 지면 데이터의 취득 등 특징을 제시하였다. UAV LiDAR 센서는 0.03m~0.05m의 정확도를 나타내었으며, 효과적인 활용을 위해서는 데이터의 특징들을 고려한 장비의 선정이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 향후, 추가적인 연구를 통해 도심지역, 산림지역 등 다양한 지역에 대한 데이터 취득 및 분석이 이루어 진다면 UAV LiDAR의 활용성을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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