Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Wood Science & Technology (한국목재공학회)
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Exploration of Preservatives that Inhibit Wood Feeding by Inhibiting Termite Intestinal Enzyme Activity

흰개미 장내 효소 활성 억제로 목재의 섭식을 저해하는 보존 처리제의 탐색

  • LEE, Jeung-Min (Department of Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • KIM, Young Hee (Department of Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • HONG, Jin Young (Department of Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • LIM, BoA (Department of Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • PARK, Ji Hee (Department of Restoration Technology Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)
  • Received : 2020.03.31
  • Accepted : 2020.04.29
  • Published : 2020.05.25
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Abstract

In Korea, damages to wooden cultural properties by termites have been reported all over the country, including Ulleungdo Island and Jeju Island. In order to reduce the damage caused by termites, most cultural properties damaged by them are treated with fumigation or drug treatment on the soil to kill or repel them. The number of treatments is decreasing due to cost and safety problems, and new methods needed to cope with this situation. After extracting an enzyme by selecting only worker termites from the termites collected in Shinan, Jeonnam, as a result of measuring the enzyme activity using xylan of cellulose and hemicellulose that are the components of wood, the activity of termite intestinal enzymes in xylan was higher than that of cellulose having a high molecular weight. Therefore, in this study, as a result of exploring over 600 species of medicinal plant extracts that inhibit the activity of termite intestinal enzymes using xylan as a substrate, the inhibitory effect was significant in Borneolum Syntheticum, Ephedra sinica, and Menthol. Selected Borneolum Syntheticum, Ephedra sinica, and Menthol's extracts not only inhibited the activity of termite intestinal enzymes, but also confirmed that they have insecticidal activation and inhibitory effects on feeding in the result of the direct treatment.

우리나라는 울릉도 및 제주도를 포함한 전국에서 흰개미에 의한 목조 문화재의 피해가 보고되어 있다. 흰개미에 의한 피해를 감소시키고자 훈증처리나 토양에 약물을 처리하여 살충 및 방충을 하는 것이 대부분이며 비용과 안전성의 문제로 인해 점점 처리하는 횟수가 감소하는 추세이다. 이런 상황을 대처하기 위해 새로운 방법이 필요한 실정이므로 전남 신안에서 채집한 흰개미에서 일개미만 선별하여 효소를 추출한 후 목재 구성성분인 cellulose와 hemicellulose의 xylan을 기질로 하여 효소 활성을 측정한 결과, 분자량이 큰 cellulose 보다 xylan에서 흰개미 장내 효소의 활성이 크게 나타났다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 xylan을 기질로 하여 흰개미 장내 효소의 활성을 억제하는 약용식물 추출물 600여 종을 탐색한 결과, 용뇌, 마황, 박하뇌에서 억제효과가 크게 나타났다. 선별된 용뇌(Borneolum Syntheticum), 마황(Ephedra sinica), 박하뇌(Menthol) 추출물은 흰개미 장내 효소의 활성을 억제할 뿐만 아니라 직접 처리한 결과에서도 살충활성 및 섭식 저해 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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