Membrane and Water Treatment

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Remediation of cesium-contaminated fine soil using electrokinetic method

  • Kim, Ilgook (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, June-Hyun (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Man (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Chan Woo (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Yang, Hee-Man (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Yoon, In-Ho (Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)
  • Received : 2019.11.06
  • Accepted : 2020.01.15
  • Published : 2020.05.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, electrokinetic remediation equipment was used to remove cesium (Cs) from clay soil and waste solution was treated with sorption process. The influence of electrokinetic process on the removal of Cs was evaluated under the condition of applied electric voltage of 15.0-20.0 V. In addition to monitoring the Cs removal, electrical current and temperature of the electrolyte during experiment were investigated. The removal efficiency of Cs from soil by electrokinetic method was more than 90%. After electrokinetic remediation, Cs was selectively separated from soil waste solution using sorbents. Various adsorption agents such as potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate (KNiHCF), Prussian blue, sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), and zeolite were compared and KNiHCF showed the highest Cs removal efficiency. The Cs adsorption on KNiHCF reached equilibrium in 30 min. The maximum adsorption capacity was 120.4 mg/g at 0.1 g/L of adsorbent dosage. These results demonstrated that our proposed process combined electrokinetic remediation of soil and waste solution treatment with metal ferrocyanide can be a promising technique to decontaminate Cs-contaminated fine soil.

Keywords

References

  1. Acar, Y.B., Gale, R.J., Alshawabkeh, A.N., Marks, R.E., Puppala, S., Bricka, M. and Parker, R. (1995), "Electrokinetic remediation-basics and technology status", J. Hazard. Mater., 40, 117-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(94)00066-P.
  2. Acharya, J., Sahu, J.N., Mohanty, C.R. and Meikap, B.C. (2009). "Removal of lead (II) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from Tamarind wood by zinc chloride activation", Chem. Eng. J., 149, 249-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2008.10.029.
  3. Al-Shahrani, S.S. and Roberts, E.P.L. (2005), "Electrokinetic removal of caesium from kaolin", J. Hazard. Mater., 122, 91-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.018.
  4. Al, A.Z. (2008) "Transient behavior of heavy metals in soils during electrokinetic remediation", Chemosphere, 71, 860-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.11.028.
  5. Fu, R., Wen, D., Xia, X., Zhang, W. and Gu, Y. (2017), "Electrokinetic remediation of chromium (Cr)-contaminated soil with citric acid (CA) and polyaspartic acid (PASP) as electrolytes", Chem. Eng. J., 316, 601-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.01.092.
  6. Jin, W., Toutianoush, A., Pyrasch, M., Schnepf, J., Gottschalk, H., Rammensee, W. and Tieke, B. (2003), "Self-assembled films of Prussian blue and analogues: structure and morphology, elemental composition, film growth, and nanosieving of ions", J. Phys. Chem. B., 107, 12062-12070. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp034947+.
  7. Jung, H.B., Yang, J.S. and Um, W. (2015), "Bench-scale electrokinetic remediation for cesium-contaminated sediment at the Hanford Site, USA", J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 304, 615- 625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3852-0.
  8. Keggin, J.F. and Miles, F.D. (1936), "Structures and formulae of the Prussian blue and related compounds", Nature, 137, 577-578. https://doi.org/10.1038/137577a0
  9. Kim, G.N, Kim, S.S. and Choi, J.W. (2017), "Development of an agent suited for adsorbing Cs-137 from ash and soil waste solutions", Sep. Purif. Technol., 173, 193-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2016.09.025.
  10. Kim, G.N., Oh, W.Z., Won, H.J. and Choi, W.K. (2003), "Removal of cesium and cobalt from soil around TRIGA reactor using electrokinetic method", J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 9, 306-313.
  11. Koarashi, J., Moriya, K., Atarashi-Andoh, M., Matsunaga, T., Fujita, H. and Nagaoka, M. (2001), "Retention of potentially mobile radiocesium in forest surface soils affected by the Fukushima nuclear accident", Sci. Rep., 2, 1005. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01005.
  12. Lopez-Vizcaino, R., Navarro, V., Leon, M.J., Risco, C., Rodrigo, M.A., Saez, C. and Canizares, P. (2016), "Scale-up on electrokinetic remediation: Engineering and technological parameters", J. Hazard. Mater., 315, 135-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.012.
  13. Nakao, A., Ogasawara, S., Sano, O., Ito, T. and Yanai, J. (2014), "Radiocesium sorption in relation to clay mineralogy of paddy soils in Fukushima Japan", Sci. Total Environ., 468, 523-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01027-0.
  14. Onundi, Y.B., Mamun, A.A., Al Khantib, M.F. and Ahmed, Y.M. (2010). "Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor industrial wastewater by palm shell activated carbon", Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 7, 751-758. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326184.
  15. Pamukcu, S. and Wittle, J.K. (1992), "Electrokinetic removal of selected heavy metals from soil", Environ. Prog., 11, 241-250. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.670110321.
  16. Qing, Y., Li, J., Kang, B., Chang, S., Dai, Y., Long, Q. and Yuan, C. (2015), "Selective sorption mechanism of Cs+ on potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate(II) compounds", J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 304, 527-533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3876-5.
  17. Reddy, K. and Chinthamreddy, S. (2003), "Sequentially enhanced electrokinetic separation of heavy metals in low buffering clayey soils", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 2129, 263-277. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2003)129:3(263).
  18. Reddy, K., Xu, C.Y. and Chinthamreddy, S. (2001), "Assessment of electrokinetic removal of heavy metals from soils by sequential extraction analysis", J. Hazard. Mater., 84, 279-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00237-0.
  19. Virkutyte, J., Sillanpaa, M. and Latostenmaa, P. (2002), "Electrokinetic soil remediation-Critical overview", Sci. Total Environ., 289, 97-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)01027-0.
  20. Wang, F.Y., Wang, H. and Ma, J.W. (2010). "Adsorption of cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solution by a new low-cost adsorbent-Bamboo charcoal", J. Hazard. Mater., 177, 300-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.032.
  21. Yeung, A.T. (2011), "Milestone developments, myths, and future directions of electrokinetic remediation", Sep. Purif. Technol., 79, 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2011.01.022.