References
- GOP (Government of Pakistan). Economic survey of Pakistan. Ministry of Finance. 2014. http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_14/02_Agriculture.pdf.
- Borhan MS, Mukhtar S, Capareda S, Rahman S. Greenhouse gas emissions from housing and manure management systems at confined livestock operations. Waste Manag.-An Integrated Vis Rijeka (Croatia) In Tech 2012:259-96.
- Cambra-Lopez M, Aarnink AJ, Zhao Y, Calvet S, Torres AG. Airborne particulate matter from livestock production systems: a review of an air pollution problem. Environ Pollu 2010;158(1):1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.011
- Casey KD, Bicudo JR, Schmidt DR, Singh A, Gay SW, Gates RS, et al. Air quality and emissions from livestock and poultry production/waste management systems; 2006. p. 1-40.
- Gerber P, Opio C, Steinfeld H. Poultry production and the environment-a review. Animal production and health division, food and agriculture organization of the united nations, VialedelleTerme di Caracalla, vol. 153. Italy: Room; 2007.
- Naseem S, King AJ. Ammonia production in poultry houses can affect health of humans, birds, and the environment-techniques for its reduction during poultry production. Environ Sci Poll Res 2018;25(16):15269-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2018-y
- Magzamen S, Schaeffer JW, Poole JA, VanDyke A, Anderson K, Bradford M, et al. Associations of cross-shift changes in pulmonary function and endotoxin exposure among dairy workers. In A105. Dust and particulate matter exposure. Am Thorac Soc 2018;197(1). 2572-2572.
- Omland O. Exposure and respiratory health in farming in temperate zones-a review of the literature. Ann Agric Environ Medi 2002;9(2):119-36.
- Oppliger A, Charriere N, Droz PO, Rinsoz T. Exposure to bioaerosols in poultry houses at different stages of fattening; use of real-time PCR for airborne bacterial quantification. Ann Occup Hyg 2008;52(5):405-12. https://doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/men021
- Chang CW, Chung H, Huang CF, Su HJJ. Exposure of workers to airborne microorganisms in open-air swine houses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001;67(1):155-61. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.1.155-161.2001
- Hartung J, Schulz J. Occupational and environmental risks caused by bioaerosols in and from farm animal houses. Agric Engin Internation CIGR J 2011;13(2):1-8.
- Burch JB, Svendsen E, Siegel PD, Wagner SE, Von Essen S, Keefe T, et al. Endotoxin exposure and inflammation markers among agricultural workers in Colorado and Nebraska. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2009;73(1):5-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390903248604
- Donham KJ, Cumro D, Reynolds SJ, Merchant JA. Dose-response relationships between occupational aerosol exposures and cross-shift declines of lung function in poultry workers: recommendations for exposure limits. J Occup Environ Medi 2000;42(3):260-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200003000-00006
- Karjalainen A, Kurppa K, Virtanen S, Keskinen H, Nordman H. Incidence of occupational asthma by occupation and industry in Finland. Am J Ind Med 2000;37(5):451-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(200005)37:5<451::AID-AJIM1>3.0.CO;2-U
- RadonK, Danuser B, Iversen M, Jorres R, Monso E, Opravil U, Nowak D. Respiratory symptoms in European animal farmers. Eur Respir J 2001;17(4):747-54. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.01.17407470
- Viegas S, Caetano LA, Korkalainen M, Faria T, Pacifico C, Carolino E, Viegas C. Cytotoxic and inflammatory potential of air samples from occupational settings with exposure to organic dust. Toxics 2017;5(1):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics5010001
- Whyte RT. Occupational exposure of poultry stockmen in current barn systems for egg production in the United Kingdom. Bri Poult Sci 2002;43(3):364-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660120103639
- Willson PJ, Khozani TT, Juurlink BHJ, Senthilselvan A, Rennie DC, Gerdts V, et al. In vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by human monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide is positively correlated with increased blood monocytes after exposure to a swine barn. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A 2008;71(21):1401-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390802241015
- Wilson S. The prevalence of chronic respiratory disease in the industrial era the United States, 1895-1910. In: Health and labor force participation over the life cycle: evidence from the past. University of Chicago Press; 2003. p. 147-80.
- Radon K, Weber C, Iversen M, Danuser B, Pedersen S, Nowak D. Exposure assessment and lung function in pig and poultry farmers. Occup Environ Med 2001;58(6):405-10. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.58.6.405
- Ramos AK, Fuentes A, Carvajal-Suarez M. Self-reported occupational injuries and perceived occupational health problems among latino immigrant swine confinement workers in Missouri. J Environ Pub Health 2018:1-8.
- Rimac D, Macan J, Varnai VM, Vucemilo M, Matkovic K, Prester L, et al. Exposure to poultry dust and health effects in poultry workers: impact of mould and mite allergens. Int Arc Occup Environ Health 2010;83(1):9-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-009-0487-5
- Viegas S, Faisca VM, Dias H, Clerigo A, Carolino E, Viegas C. Occupational exposure to poultry dust and effects on the respiratory system in workers. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A 2013;76(4-5):230-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2013.757199
- Taluja MK, Gupta V, Sharma G, Arora JS. Prevalence of symptoms (respiratory and non-respiratory) among poultry farm workers in India. Am J Physiol 2018;8(2):40-6.
- Borlee F, Yzermans CJ, van Dijk CE, Heederik D, Smit LA. Increased respiratory symptoms in COPD patients living in the vicinity of livestock farms. Eur Respi J 2015;46(6):1605-14. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00265-2015
- Van Dijk CE, Garcia-Aymerich J, Carsin AE, Smit LA, Borlee F, Heederik DJ, et al. Risk of exacerbations in COPD and asthma patients living in the neighbourhood of livestock farms: observational study using longitudinal data. Int J Hyg Environ Med 2016;219(3):278-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.01.002
- Kasaeinasab A, Jahangiri M, Karimi A, Tabatabaei HR, Safari S. Respiratorydisorders among workers in slaughterhouses. Saf Health Work 2017;8(1):84-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.04.002
- Rylander R, Carvalheiro MF. Airways inflammation among workers in poultry houses. Int Arc Occup Environ Health 2006;79(6):487-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-005-0072-5
- Hamid A, Ahmad AS, Khan N. Respiratory and other health risks among poultry-farm workers and evaluation of management practices in poultry farms. Braz J Poult Sci 2018;20(1):111-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0513
- Harmse JL, Engelbrecht JC, Bekker JL. Exposure of poultry processors to microbial agents in poultry abattoirs. Occup Health South Africa 2017;23(6):18-26.
- Townsend MC, Lockey JE, Velez H. ACOEM position statement.Spirometry in the occupational setting. J Occup Environ Med 2000;42(3):228-45. https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200003000-00003
- Ma YN, Wang J, Dong GH, Liu MM, Wang D, Liu YQ, Zhao Y, Ren WH, Lee YL, Zhao YD, He QC. Predictive equations using regression analysis of pulmonary function for healthy children in Northeast China. PLoS One 2013;8(5):e63875. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063875
- De-Alencar MDC, Naas IDA, Gontijo LA. Respiratory risks in broiler production workers. Braz J Poult Sci 2004;6(1):23-9. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-635X2004000100004
- Adeoye SA, Awotunde MJ, Arowolo OO, Sogunle MO, Adebayo MR, Popoola OT. Occupational health problems confronting poultry farm workers in ogun and oyo state, Nigeria. J Sustain Develop 2017;12(1):28-35.
- Basinas I, Cronin G, Hogan V, Sigsgaard T, Hayes J, Coggins AM. Exposure to inhalable dust, endotoxin, and total volatile organic carbons on dairy farms using manual and automated feeding systems. Ann Work Expo Health 2017;61(3):344-55. https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxw023
- Kimbell-Dunn MR, Fishwick RD, Bradshaw L, Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen R, Pearce N. Work-related respiratory symptoms in New Zealand farmers. Am J Ind Med 2001;39(3):292-300. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0274(200103)39:3<292::AID-AJIM1017>3.0.CO;2-F
- Kirychuk SP, Senthilselvan A, Dosman JA, Juorio V, Feddes JJ, Willson P, et al. Respiratory symptoms and lung function in poultry confinement workers in Western Canada. Can Respir J 2003;10(7):375-80. https://doi.org/10.1155/2003/109679
- Kearney GD, Gallagher B, Shaw R. Respiratory protection behavior and respiratory indices among poultry house workers on small, family-owned farms in North Carolina: a pilot project. J Agro Medi 2016;21(2):136-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2016.1143429
- Kirkhorn SR, Schenker MB. Current health effects of agricultural work: respiratory disease, cancer, reproductive effects, musculoskeletal injuries, and pesticideerelated illnesses. J Agric Saf Health 2002;8(2):199. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.8432
- Rees D, Nelson G, Kielkowski D, Wasserfall C, da Costa A. Respiratory health and immunological profile of poultry workers. South Afr Med. J. 1998;88(9):1110-7.
- BorghettiC, Magarolas R, Badorrey I, RadonK,Morera J, Monso E. Sensitization and occupational asthma in poultry workers. Medi Clin 2002;118(7):251-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-7753(02)72352-X
- Beelen R, Hoek G, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA, Fischer P, Schouten LJ, et al. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and lung cancer risk. Epidemiol 2008;19(5):702-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0b013e318181b3ca
- Brunekreef B, Beelen RMJ, Hoek G, Schouten LJ, Bausch-Goldbohm S, Fischer P, Jerrett M. Effects of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in The Netherlands: the NLCS-AIR study. Res Rep Health Eff. Inst 2009;139(1):5-71.
- Kristensen HH, Wathes CM. Ammonia and poultry welfare: a review. World Poult Sci J 2000;56(3):235-45. https://doi.org/10.1079/WPS20000018
- Ritz CW, Mitchell BW, Fairchild BD, Czarick III M, Worley JW. Improving inhouse air quality in broiler production facilities using an electrostatic space charge system. J Appl Poult Res 2006;15(2):333-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/15.2.333
- Rousset N, Brame C, Galliot P, Cleuziou AC, Goizin G, Hassouna M, et al. Dust concentrations, and dust exposure of workers in the air of poultry houses during specific working task. France: 12e Journees de la Recherch e Avicoleet Palmipedes a Foie Gras Tours; 2017. p. 928-33.
- Tandon S, Gupta S, Singh S, Kumar A. Respiratory abnormalities among occupationally exposed, non-smoking brick kiln workers from Punjab, India. Int J Occup Environ Med 2017;8(3):1036-166.
- Campbell SJ, Kauffman P, Parinandi N, Kotha S, Gurney T, Varikuti S, Satoskar A. Indoor airborne dust/particulate matter causes occupational respiratory disease: novel lipidocentric mechanism of airway inflammation. In: InB60. Environmental dust and particulates in airway disease. American Thoracic Society; 2017 (pp. A3893-A3893).
- Stoleski S, Minov J, Mijakoski D, Karadzinska-Bislimovska J. Chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function in agricultural workers-influence of exposure duration and smoking. Mac J Med Sci 2015;3(1):158. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2015.014
- Abdullah NA, Hashim Z. Metal working fluids (MWF) aerosol in an occupational setting: association with the respiratory symptoms and lung functions among machinists. Asia Pac Environ Occup Health J 2018;4(1):31-9.
- Aggarwal AN, Gupta D, Jindal SK. Comparison of Indian reference equations for spirometry interpretation. Respirology 2007;12(5):763-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2007.01123.x
- Collen J, Greenburg D, Holley A, King CS, Hnatiuk O. Discordance in spirometric interpretationsusing three commonly usedreference equations vs national health and nutrition examination study III. Chest 2008;134(5):1009-16. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-0614
- Collen J, Greenburg D, Holley A, King C, Roop S, Hnatiuk O. Racial discordance in spirometry comparing four commonly used reference equations to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III. Respir Med 2010;104(5):705-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2009.11.001
- Nku CO, Peters EJ, Eshiet AI, Bisong SA, Osim EE. Prediction formulae for lung function parameters in females of south eastern Nigeria. Niger J Physiol Sci 2006;21(1-2):43-7.
- Rabbani U, Nafees AA. Comparing lung functionof textile workers with the healthy pakistani population. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2015;27(2):434-40.
- Ajetomobi JO, Ajagbe FA, Adewoye JO. Occupational hazards and productivity of poultry farmers in Osun state of Nigeria. Int J Poult Sci 2010;9(4):330-3. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2010.330.333
- Buckley JP, Keil AP, McGrath LJ, Edwards JK. Evolving methods for inference in the presence of healthy worker survivor bias. Epidemiol 2015;26(2):204-12. https://doi.org/10.1097/EDE.0000000000000217
Cited by
- The Role of Climate Control in Monogastric Animal Farming: The Effects on Animal Welfare, Air Emissions, Productivity, Health, and Energy Use vol.11, pp.20, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209549
- Risk of Heat‐Related Mortality, Disease, Accident, and Injury Among Korean Workers: A National Representative Study From 2002 to 2015 vol.5, pp.12, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gh000516
- Size-segregated physicochemical properties of inhalable particulate matter in a tunnel-ventilated layer house in China vol.204, pp.no.pb, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112064