참고문헌
- Ahn, U.S., D.S. Kim, Y.S. Yun, S.H. Ko, K.S. Kim and I.S. Cho(2019) Theinference about the cause of death of Korean Fir in Mt. Halla through the analysis of spatial dying pattern - Proposing the possibility of excess soil moisture by climate changes -. Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 21(1): 1-28. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.5532/KJAFM.2019.21.1.1
-
Allen, C.D. and D.D. Breshears(2007) Climate
${\tau}$ induced forest dieback as an emergent global phenomenon. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 88(47): 504-504. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO470008 - Allen, C.D., A.K. Macalady, H. Chenchouni, D. Bachelet, N. McDowell, M. Vennetier, T. Kitzberger, A. Rigling, D.D. Breshears, E.H. Hogg, P. Gonzalez, R. Fensham, Z. Zhang, J. Castro, N. Demidova, J.H. Lim, G. Allard, S.W. Running, A. Semerci and N. Cobb(2010) A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management 259(4):660-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.001
- Anderegg, W.R., T. Klein, M. Bartlett, L. Sack, A.F. Pellegrini, B. Choat and S. Jansen(2016) Meta-analysis reveals that hydraulic traits explain cross-species patterns of drought-induced tree mortality across the globe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113(18): 5024-5029. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525678113
- Bennie, J., B. Huntley, A. Wiltshire, M.O. Hill and R. Baxter(2008) Slope, aspect and climate: Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland. Ecological Modelling 216(1): 4759.
- Burnett, B.N., G.A. Meyer and L.D. McFadden(2008) Aspect related microclimatic influences on slope forms and processes, northeastern Arizona. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 113(F3).
- Chaneton, E.J. and R.S. Lavado(1996) Soil nutrients and salinity after long-term grazing exclusion in a flooding Pampa grassland. Rangeland Ecology & Management/Journal of Range Management Archives 49(2): 182-187. https://doi.org/10.2307/4002692
- Chun, Y.M., J.K. Ahn, M.P. Hong, J.T. Shin, H.J. Won and S.H. Lee(2011) Structure and dynamics of Abies nephrolepis community in Odaesan National Park. Geogr. J. Kor. 45(4):559-570. (in Korean with English abstract)
- D'Amore, D. and P.E. Hennon(2006) Evaluation of soil saturation, soil chemistry, and early spring soil and air temperatures as risk factors in yellow-cedar decline. Global Change Biology 12(3):524-545. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01101.x
- Fensham, R.J., R.J. Fairfax and D.P. Ward(2009) Drought induced tree death in savanna. Global Change Biology 15(2): 380-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01718.x
- Frelich, L.E. and P.B. Reich(2010) Will environmental changes reinforce the impact of global warming on the prairie forest border of central North America? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 8(7): 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1890/080191
- Hong, M.P.(2004) Ecological studies on the forest Vegetation of Mt. Seorak. Ph. D. Thesis, Konkuk University, Seoul, 263pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Isard, S.A.(1986) Factors influencing soil moisture and plant community distribution on Niwot Ridge, Front Range, Colorado, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research 18(1): 83-96. https://doi.org/10.2307/1551216
- Kang, S.J.(1984) Regeneration Process of Subalpine Coniferous Forest in Mt. Jiri. Journal of Ecology and Environment 7(4):185-193. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kim, E.S.(1994) Decline of tree growth and the changes of environmental factors on high altitude mountains. The Korea Science and Engineering Foundation Research Report KOSEF921-1500-081-2, 89pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kim, G.T. and G.C. Choo(1999) Studies on the structure of forest community in subalpine zone of Togyusan: Abies koreana forest. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 13(1): 70-77. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kim, G.T.(2000) Studies on the structure of abies koreana forest community at subalpine zone area. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 14(1): 28-37.
- Kim, G.T., G.C. Choo and G.J. Baek(1998) Studies on the structure of forest community in subalpine zone of Mt. Halla: Abies koreana forest. Kor. For. Soc. 87(3): 366-371. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kim, G.T., G.C. Choo and T.W. Um(1996) Studies on the structure of forest community at Turobong-Sangwangbong area: Abies nephrolepis and Taxus cuspidata forest. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 10(1):160-168. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kim, J.D., G.E. Park, J.H. Lim and C.W. Yun(2018) The change of seedling emergence of abies koreana and altitudinal species composition in the subalpine zrea of Mt. Jiri over Short-Term(2015-2017). Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 32(3): 313-322. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2018.32.3.313
- Kim, J.K., J.G. Koh, H.T. Yim and D.S. Kim(2017) Changes of spatial distribution of Korean fir forest in Mt. Hallasan for the past 10 Years(2006, 2015). Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 31(6):549-556. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2017.31.6.549
- Kong, W.S.(2002) Species composition and distribution of Korean alpine plants. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society 37:357-370. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kong, W.S.(2006) Biogeography of native Korean pinaceae. Journal of the Korean Geographical Society, 41. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Koo, K.A., W.K. Park and W.S. Kong(2001) Dendrochronological analysis of Abies koreana W. at Mt. Halla, Korea: Effects of climate change on the growths. Kor. J. Ecol. 24(5): 281-288. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Korea National Park Research Institute(KNPRI)(2017) Monitoring of ecosystems related to climate change in National Park, Korea, 211pp. (in Korean)
- Korea National Park Research Institute(KNPRI)(2018) Monitoring of ecosystems related to climate change in National Park, Korea, 351pp. (in Korean)
- Korea National Park Research Institute(KNPRI)(2019) Monitoring of ecosystems related to climate change in National Park, Korea, 355pp. (in Korean)
- Lee, H.H., S.K. Ha, S.O. Hur, K.H. Jung, W.T. Kim and K.H. Kim(2006) Characteristics of soil water runoff and percolation in sloped land with different soil textures. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fer. 39(5): 268-273. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Lee, H.Y.(2013) The Phytosociological Characteristics of Abies nephrolepis Commuity and Population Dynamics as Climate Condition Changes in Mt. Seorak, Korea. Ph.D. Thesis, Dongguk University, Seoul, 181pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Lee, Y.W. and S.C. Hong(1995) Ecological studies on the vegetational characteristics of the abies koreana forest. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 84(2): 247-257. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Lim, J.H., S.Y. Woo, M.J. Kwon, J.H. Chun and J.H. Shin(2006) Phytosynthetic capacity and water use efficiency under different temperature regimes on healthy and declining Korean Fir in Mt. Halla. Jour. Kor. For. Soc. 95(6): 705-710. (in Korean with English abstract)
-
Liu, H., S. He, O.A. Anenkhonov, G. Hu, D.V. Sandanov and N. K. Badmaeva(2012) Topography
${\tau}$ controlled soil water content and the coexistence of forest and steppe in Northern China. Physical Geography 33(6): 561-573. https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.33.6.561 - NIE(National Institute Ecology) (2014) Subalpine Conifer Forest Communities. 136pp.
- Noh, I., J.M. Chung, T.W. Kim, S. Tamirat and H.S. Moon(2018) The ecological characteristics by slope of an abies koreana forest in Seseok of Jirisan National Park. Journal of Climate Change Research 9(3): 293-302. (in Korean with English abstract) https://doi.org/10.15531/KSCCR.2018.9.3.293
- Oh, K.K., Y.K. Jee and S.G. Park(2000) Dynamic patterns of abies koreana population in Chirisan National Park -Central of east area in Chirisan National Park-. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 13(4):330-339. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Park, H.C., H.Y. Lee, N.Y. Lee, H. Lee and J.Y. Song(2019) Survey on the distribution of evergreen conifers in the major national park: A case study on Seoraksan, Odaesan, Taebaeksan, Sobaeksan, Deogyusan, Jirisan National Park. Journal of National Park Research 10(2): 1-8.
- Park, W.K. and H.W. Seo(1999) A dendroclimatic analysis on abies koreana in Cheonwang-bong area of Mt. Chiri, Korea. The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research 13(1): 25-33. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Silvertown, J., Y. Araya and D. Gowing(2015) Hydrological niches in terrestrial plant communities: A review. Journal of Ecology 103(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12332
- Song, K.M., J. Kim, Y.J. Kang, H.S. Choi, S.C. Jung, S.Y. Lee, J.H. Lee, J.G. Koh, J.G. Kim, K.H. Lee, Y.P. Hong, J.H. Lm and C.S. Kim(2016) Korea Fir Hallasan Mountain, Why Are They Dying?. National Institute of Forest Service. (in Korean with English)
- Western, A.W., R.B. Grayson, G. Bloschl, G.R. Willgoose and T.A. McMahon(1999) Observed spatial organization of soil moisture and its relation to terrain indices. Water Resources Research 35(3): 797-810. https://doi.org/10.1029/1998WR900065
- Wilson, J.P. and J.C. Gallant(2000) Terrain analysis: Principles and applications. Wiley, New York, USA.
- Xiang, X., X. Wu, X. Chen, Q. Song and X. Xue(2017) Integrating topography and soil properties for spatial soil moisture storage modeling. Water 9(9): 647. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090647