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Data Processing using Anisotropic Analysis for the Long-offset Marine Seismic Data of the East Sea, Korea

동해 해역 원거리 해양탄성파 탐사자료의 이방성 분석을 이용한 전산처리

  • Joo, Yonghwan (Petroleum and Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kim, Byoung-yeop (Petroleum and Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 주용환 (한국지질자원연구원 석유해저연구본부) ;
  • 김병엽 (한국지질자원연구원 석유해저연구본부)
  • Received : 2019.10.25
  • Accepted : 2020.01.03
  • Published : 2020.02.28

Abstract

The acquisition and processing of long-offset data are essential for imaging deep geological structures in marine seismic surveys. It is challenging to derive an accurate subsurface image by employing conventional data processing to long-offset data owing to the normal moveout (NMO) stretch and non-hyperbolic moveout phenomena induced by seismic anisotropy. In 2017, the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources conducted a simultaneous two-dimensional multichannel streamer and ocean-bottom seismic survey using a 5.7-km streamer and an ocean-bottom seismometer to identify the deep geological structure of the Ulleung Basin. Herein, the actual geological subsurface structure was obtained via the sequential iterative updating of the velocity and anisotropic parameters of the long-offset data obtained using a multichannel streamer, and anisotropic prestack Kirchhoff migration was performed using the updated velocity and anisotropic parameters as input parameters. As a result, the reflection energy in the long-offset traces, which showed non-hyperbolic moveout owing to seismic anisotropy, was well aligned horizontally and NMO stretches were also reduced. Thus, a more precise and accurate migrated image was obtained, minimizing the distortion of reflectors and mispositioned reflection energy.

해양 탄성파 탐사 시 깊은 심도의 지하구조를 영상화하기 위해서는 원거리 벌림자료의 취득 및 처리가 필수적이다. 이러한 원거리 벌림자료에 대해 일반적인 자료처리를 적용하게 되면 탄성파 이방성으로 인해 과도한 수직 시간차 늘어짐과 비쌍곡선 무브아웃 현상이 발생하여 정확한 지하구조를 도출하기가 어렵다. 한국지질자원연구원은 2017년 울릉분지 해역의 심부 지질구조 파악을 위하여 5.7 km 스트리머와 해저면 지진계를 이용해서 2차원 해양·해저면 복합 탄성파 탐사를 수행하였다. 이 연구에서는 스트리머를 이용해 취득된 원거리 벌림자료에 대해 속도와 이방성 변수의 순차 반복적인 갱신을 통해 실제 지질구조를 반영한 속도 및 이방성 변수를 최종적으로 획득하고 이를 이용하여 이방성 참반사보정을 수행하였다. 그 결과 등방성 참반사보정과 달리 탄성파 이방성의 영향으로 인해 긴 벌림거리 트레이스에서 비쌍곡선 무브아웃을 보이던 반사파 에너지가 수평으로 잘 정렬되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 반사에너지의 늘어짐이 줄어들어 반사면 모양 및 위치 왜곡 문제가 해소되어 보다 정밀하고 정확한 참반사보정 단면을 획득할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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