Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Korea: antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of LA-MRSA strains isolated from pigs, pig farmers, and farm environment

  • Back, Seung Hyun (Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Eom, Hong Sik (Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Haeng Ho (Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Gi Yong (Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Park, Kun Taek (Department of Biotechnology, Inje University) ;
  • Yang, Soo-Jin (Department of Animal Science and Technology, School of Bioresources and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University)
  • Received : 2019.09.04
  • Accepted : 2019.10.15
  • Published : 2020.01.31
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Abstract

The emergence of livestock-associated (LA)-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in livestock animal has become a significant zoonotic concern. In the present study, we investigated nationwide prevalence of LA-MRSA across pork production chain including pig farms, slaughterhouses, and retail markets. A total of 40 MRSA strains were isolated during the investigation and the overall prevalence of MRSA was 3.4% (n = 37), 0.6% (n = 2), and 0.4% (n = 1) in pig farms, slaughterhouses, and retail markets, respectively. Multilocus sequence typing analyses revealed that the 2 most significant clonal lineages in pork production chain in Korea were ST398 (n = 25) and ST541 (n = 6). All of the 40 MRSA isolates were further characterized to investigate key genotypic and phenotypic correlates associated with the emergence and spread of clonal complex 398 (CC398; ST398, and ST541) LA-MRSA. Although the prevalence of swine-associated MRSA was still relatively low and mostly restricted to pig farms, multidrug-resistant CC398 LA-MRSA isolates with new spa types (t18102 and t18103) were identified as a major clonal lineage. The CC398 LA-MRSA strains tended to exhibit increased levels of multiple drug resistance (MDR) phenotype compared with non-CC398 MRSA strains. Of note, in comparison with non-CC398 MRSA isolates, CC398 LA-MRSA isolates exhibited significantly enhanced tetracycline (TET) and zinc resistance. These findings suggested that co-selection pressure associated with MDR phenotype, especially TET resistance, and zinc resistance may have played a significant role in the emergence and persistence of CC398 LA-MRSA in pig farms in Korea.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by a fund by Research of Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017NER54060 to S.J.Y.). This research was also supported by the Chung-Ang University Graduate Research Scholarship (S.H.B) in 2017.

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