Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction on hair growth: an in vitro and in vivo study

  • Lee, Na-Eun (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Sang-Deuk (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Hwang, Hongik (Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Choi, Sun-Hye (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Ra Mi (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Nam, Sung Min (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Choi, Jong Hee (Department of Convergence Medical Science, Department of Science in Korean Medicine, and Brain Korea 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Rhim, Hyewhon (Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Ik-Hyun (Department of Convergence Medical Science, Department of Science in Korean Medicine, and Brain Korea 21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Hyoung-Chun (Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hwang, Sung-Hee (Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University) ;
  • Nah, Seung-Yeol (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2019.03.11
  • Accepted : 2019.05.31
  • Published : 2020.01.15
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Abstract

Background: Ginseng has been widely used as a health-promoting tonic. Gintonin present in ginseng acts as a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand that activates six LPA receptor subtypes. The LPA6 subtype plays a key role in normal hair growth, and mutations in the LPA6 receptor impair normal human hair growth. Currently, human hair loss and alopecia are concerning issues that affect peoples' social and day-to-day lives. Objective: We investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF) on mouse hair growth. Methods: Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) and six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were used. The mice were divided into the four groups: control, 1% minoxidil, 0.75% GEF, and 1.5% GEF. The dorsal hair was removed to synchronize the telogen phase. Each group was treated topically, once a day, for 15 days. We analyzed hair growth activity and histological changes. Results: GEF induced transient [Ca2+]i, which stimulated HFDPC proliferation and caused 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner. GEF-mediated HFDPC proliferation was blocked by the LPA receptor antagonist and Ca2+ chelator. HFDPC treatment with GEF stimulated vascular endothelial growth factor release. Topical application of GEF and minoxidil promoted hair growth in a dose-dependent manner. Histological analysis showed that GEF and minoxidil increased the number of hair follicles and hair weight. Conclusion: Topical application of GEF promotes mouse hair growth through HFDPC proliferation. GEF could be one of the main components of ginseng that promote hair growth and could be used to treat human alopecia.

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References

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