Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education (정보교육학회논문지)

Korea Association of Information Education (한국정보교육학회)
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Programming education using Scratch electronic blocks

스크래치 전자 블록을 활용한 프로그래밍 교육

  • Received : 2020.09.10
  • Accepted : 2020.11.12
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Scratch is Educational Programming Language, and it has been widely used in Elementary school SW Education. Many studies show that Scratch education is helpful for students' computational thinking and problem solving. However, the lower grade students use scratch less than the higher grade students, and the higher grade students have difficulty in understanding basic programming principles such as sequence, repetition, and condition. Therefore, in this study, we developed Scratch electronic blocks and programming education curriculum. We had classes for 2nd grade and 6th grade students, and it was confirmed that the score of 2nd grade students' interest about programming increased from 3.28 to 3.58 and 6th grade students' interest increased from 3.41 to 4.09. As a result of the programming basic principles understanding assessment, 84% of the 2nd grade students solved more than 7 of the 9 questions and 62% of the 6th grade students solved more than 7 of the 9 questions.

스크래치는 교육용 프로그래밍 도구로 초등학교 소프트웨어교육에서 많이 활용되고 있으며 스크래치를 활용한 수업이 학생들의 컴퓨팅 사고력, 문제 해결력 등에 도움이 된다는 연구 결과가 많다. 그러나 스크래치 사용자의 연령 통계 자료를 분석해본 결과 초등학교 저학년 학생들의 스크래치 활용도가 낮았으며 블록 프로그래밍 경험이 있는 고학년 학생들도 프로그래밍의 기본 원리인 순차, 반복, 선택의 개념을 이해하는 것에 어려움이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 손으로 만지면서 프로그래밍을 학습할 수 있는 스크래치 전자 블록과 전자 블록 활용 프로그래밍 교육 커리큘럼을 개발하였으며 초등학교 2학년과 6학년 학생들을 대상으로 수업을 진행하였다. 수업 전·후 프로그래밍에 대한 흥미도 검사를 진행한 결과 2학년 학생들의 흥미도는 3.28에서 3.58로 향상되었으며 6학년 학생들의 흥미도는 3.41에서 4.09로 증가하였다. 프로그래밍 기본 원리 이해 평가 결과 2학년 학생들 중 84%의 학생들이 주어진 과제 9개 중 7개 이상을 해결하였으며 6학년 학생들 중 62%이상의 학생들의 주어진 과제 9개 중 7개 이상을 해결하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 2020년도 서울교육대학교 교내연구비에 의하여 연구되었음

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