Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety (해양환경안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety (해양환경안전학회)
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A Study on the Improvement of Legislation on Management of Compound Coastal Disasters

해안가 복합재해 관리를 위한 법률 현황 및 개선방향

  • Jang, Ahreum (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Sunhwa (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Moonsuk (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2020.11.03
  • Accepted : 2020.12.28
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Compound coastal disasters are a type of natural disaster featuring both internal and external flooding due to rises in sea-level, torrential rains, typhoons, and tsunamis. The, incidence and scale of damage from such disasters is increasing. This aim of this study was to review the current laws and systems managing the phenomenon of the coastal complex disaster, and to derive recommendations for improvements to manage and prevent them. In this study, the Framework Act on the Management of Disasters and Safety, the Countermeasures against Natural Disasters Act, the National Land Planning and Utilization Act, the Coast Management Act, the River Act, and the Sewerage Act were reviewed, with focus on the district-zoning system designated by ministries for the management of natural disasters along the coast. Through a comparison of the purpose and nature of the laws, spatial scope, and management resources, it was judged that it would be desirable to comprehensively manage compound coastal disasters based on the Countermeasures Against Natural Disasters Act. In order to overcome the limitations of the current system and to derive specific measures to improve laws and systems, a questionnaire survey on detailed factors was conducted targeting experts in natural disaster management. The results indicated that it is necessary to improve the current system or introduce a new system for the management of coastal complex disasters, with integrated management of land and sea areas through the installation and operation of integrated decision-making governance by related ministries such as MOIS, MOLIT, MOF, and ME.

해안가 복합재해는 기후변화로 인한 해수면상승과 집중호우, 태풍, 해일 등으로 인한 내·외수침수와 범람이 복합적으로 발생하는 것으로 최근 발생빈도와 피해규모가 커지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해안가 복합재해를 관리하는 법과 제도 현황을 검토하고 이를 관리하고 예방하는 개선방향을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 현행 우리나라 법률 중에서 해안가 자연재해 관리를 위해 지정하는 지구·구역 제도를 중심으로 재난 및 안전관리기본법, 자연재해대책법, 국토계획법, 연안관리법, 하천법, 하수도법 등을 검토하였다. 이를 통해 법률의 목적과 성격, 공간적 범위, 관리수단 등을 비교한 결과 자연재해대책법을 토대로 해안가 복합재해를 통합적으로 관리하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단하였다. 현재 제도의 한계점을 극복하고 구체적인 법률 및 제도 개선방안을 도출하기 위해서 자연재해 관련 전문가들을 대상으로 세부 요소에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 해안가 복합재해관리를 위해 현제도를 개선하거나 새로운 제도 도입이 필요하며, 행정안전부, 환경부, 국토교통부, 해양수산부 등 부처 통합적인 의사결정 거버넌스 설치 운영을 통해 육상과 해역을 통합적으로 관리할 필요가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 행정안전부 극한 재난대응 기술개발사업 '해안가 복합재난 위험지역 피해저감 기술개발(2018-MOIS31-008)' 과제의 지원으로 수행되었습니다.

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