The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회 논문지)

The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회)
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A Study on the Analysis of the Weak Areas of Taxi Service during Late Night Time

심야시간 대 택시 서비스 취약예상지역 분석 연구

  • 송재인 (홍익대학교 과학기술연구소) ;
  • 강민희 (홍익대학교 일반대학원 산업융합협동과정 스마트도시전공) ;
  • 조윤지 (홍익대학교 일반대학원 산업융합협동과정 스마트도시전공) ;
  • 황기연 (홍익대학교 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2020.11.20
  • Accepted : 2020.12.11
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

With the expansion of platform-based taxi service, mobility and convenience of users are getting better. However, due to profitability problem, marginalized areas in the supply of the service are expected to appear. As such, this study analyzed spatial marginalization of taxi service caused by imbalance in supply and demand during the night-time when public transportation service is suspended. According to hot-spot analysis of taxi, outskirt of a city and residential areas showed high vacancy and greater number of drop-offs compared to the number of pick-ups. On the contrary, they were confirmed low in the center and sub-centers of a city. Centrality analysis also showed a similar pattern with hot-spot analysis. Due to this, drivers may refuse to pick up a customer bound for an area with lower out-degree centrality compared to in-degree centrality as it might be difficult for the drivers to pick up another customer after dropping off the current customer. Thus, customers may need to wait for a taxi for a longer time. For this reason, improvement in spatial marginalization caused by mismatch of supply and demand is required. Also, the outcome of this study is expected to be utilized as a basic data.

플랫폼 기반의 택시서비스의 확대로 이용자의 이동성 및 편의성이 개선되고 있으나, 수익성의 문제로 공급 취약지역이 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 대중교통이 종료되는 심야시간을 중심으로 수요 공급의 불균형에 따른 택시 서비스의 공간적 취약성을 분석하였다. Hot-spot 분석결과 승차대비 공차량 및 승차대비 하차량의 경우 도시 외곽지역 및 주거밀집 지역에서 높게 도출되었고, 반대로 도심 및 부도심에서 낮게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 중심성 분석 결과 또한 Hot-spot 분석결과와 유사한 패턴으로 분석되었다. 이는 운전자의 관점에서 내향 대비 외향중심성이 낮은 지역은 다음 영업에 한계로 간접승차 거부의 문제가 발생할 수 있으며, 승객의 입장에서는 대기시간 증가로 이어질 것으로 예상된다. 이에 향후 수요공급의 불일치에 의한 공간적 취약성 개선이 필요할 것으로 판단되며, 본 연구의 결과를 기초자료로 활용 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 송재인의 박사학위 논문과 대한교통학회 MaaS Forum의 발표자료를 수정·보완하였으며, 국토교통부 교통물류연구사업의 연구비 지원(20TLRP-B148970-03) 및 2018학년도 홍익대학교 학술연구진흥비 지원을 통해 수행하였습니다.

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