Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology (한국해양바이오학회지)

The Korean Society for Marine Biotechnology (한국해양바이오학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Environmental Factors on the Growth of Gametophytes and Young Sporophytes of Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell

대황(Eisenia bicyclis) 배우체와 아포체의 생장에 미치는 환경 인자의 영향

  • Lee, Min-Jeong (Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Gil (Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 이민정 (경상대학교 해양산업연구소) ;
  • 김남길 (경상대학교 해양생명과학과)
  • Received : 2020.12.09
  • Accepted : 2020.12.21
  • Published : 2020.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Eisenia bicyclis, a perennial macroalga is a primary producer of in the ocean, It has been identified as a key species that plays a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem stability. Also, it is an important target in marine afforestation projects and useful marine organisms. In addition, E. bicyclis is used as a health food for humans. This study investigated the effect of water temperature, light (photon irradiance), and duration of light (photoperiod) on the growth of gametophytes and young sporophytes of E. bicyclis. The germination and growth of the zoospores of E. bicyclis were examined at five temperatures (5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃ and 25℃), four intensities of photon irradiance (10, 20, 40, and 80 μmol m-2s-1), and photoperiods (14:10 and 10:14 light/dark cycles). The zoospores released from mature plant germinated into the gametophytes under all experimental conditions. The gametophytes were able to grow at water temperature 5℃-25℃ and mature at 10℃-20℃. The optimal range of water temperature for the maturation of the gametophyte was 15℃-20℃. At 25℃, E. bicyclis gametophytes grew rapidly but did not mature. The optimal culture conditions for the growth of young sporophytes grew slowly in low temperature and photon irradiances.

Keywords

References

  1. Rothman, M. D., Mattio, L., Wernberg, T., Anderson, R.J., Uwai, S., Mohring, M. B. and Bolton, J. J. 2015. A molecul ar investigation of the genus Ecklonia (Phaeophyceae, Laminariales) with special focus on the southern hemisphere. Journal of Phycology, 51, 236-246. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12264
  2. Kawai, H., Akita, S., Hashimoto, K. and Hanyuda, T. 2020. A multigene molecular phylogeny of Eisenia reveals evidence for a new species, Eisenia nipponica (Laminariales), from Japan. Euro. J. Phycol. 55, 234-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2019.1692911
  3. FIRA. 2018. Study on the seaweed growth promotants for the extension of natural seaweed beds. Research Report, Busan, ROK. 1-66.
  4. Park, S. K., Lee, J. R., Heo, J. S., An, D. S., Lee, H. P. and Choi, H. G. 2014. Marine algal flora and ecological role of Eisenia bicyclis in Dokdo, east sea, Korea. Kor. J. Env. Ecol. 28, 613-626. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2014.28.6.613
  5. Toshihiro, O., Tomohiko, K., Shunsuke, I., Satoshi, O. and Toyomitsu, H. 2010. Dietary value of gametophytes and juvenile sporophytes of the brown macroalga Eisenia bicycli s for juvenile abalone Haliotis diversicolor. Fish Sci. 76, 619-623. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-010-0250-6
  6. Ahn, S. M., Hong, Y. K., Kwon, G. S. and Sohn, H. Y. 2011. Evaluation of antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity of seaweed extracts. J. Life Sci. 21, 576-583. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2011.21.4.576
  7. Cho, S. H., Park, S. Y. and Choi, S. W. 2008. Effects of Eisenia bicyclis extracts and pill on blood glucose and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Kor. J. Nutri. 41, 493-501.
  8. Kwon. T. H. 2014. Antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities of phlorotannins isolated from Eisenia bicyclis and their mechanism. Andong Natl. Univ. 1-126.
  9. Kim, Y. M., Do, J. R., Kim, D. S. and Park, J. H. 2006. Cytotoxicities of hydrolyzed crude Laminaran from Eisenia bicyclis on the SNU-1, Hela and SW cells. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 38(6): 793-798.
  10. Kim, D. H. 2012. Isolation and structure elucidation of deodorizing compounds from Eisenia bicyclis. Pukyong Natl. Univ. MS Thesis 1-47.
  11. Lee, S. H., Eom, S. H., Yoon, N. Y., Kim, M. M., Li, Y. X., Ha, S. K. and Kim, S. K. 2016. Fucofuroeckol-A from Eisenia bicyclis inhibits inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse macrophages via down regulation of the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. J. Chemistry. 1-9.
  12. Luning K. 1980. Critical levels of light and temperature regulating the gametogenesis of three Laminaria species (Phaeophyceae). J. Phycol. 16, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1980.00001.x
  13. Jeon, D. V. 2016. Physiological characteristics of gametophytes and sporophytes of brown algae, Eisenia bicyclis and Ecklonia cava. Wonkwang Univ. MS thesis, 1-44.
  14. Choi, H. G., Jeon D. V., Park, S. K. and GAO, X. 2019. Physiological differences in the growth and maturation of Eisenia bicyclis and Ecklonia cava gametophytes in Korea. J. Oceanol. Limnol. 37, 657-664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-019-8074-4
  15. Shon, Y. S. 2006. Morphological characteristics and growth of Eisenia bicyclis (Phaeophyta) on the east coast of Korea. Gangneung Natl. Univ. MS thesis, 1-45.
  16. Kang R. S., Won K. S., Hong K. P. and Kim J. M. 2001. Population studies on the kelp Ecklonia cava and Eisenia bicyclis in Dokdo, Korea. Algae. 16, 209-215.
  17. Kim, S. O., Heo, J. S., Hwang, E. K., Hwang, M. S., Lee, S. R. and Oak, J. H. 2019. Morphological comparison between aquaculture and natural populations for developm ent of the new varieties of Ecklonia cava. Kor. J. Environ. Biol. 37, 707-718. https://doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2019.37.4.707
  18. Baek, J. M., Park, S. W. and Hwang, E. K. 2009. Afforestation of a brown alga, Ecklonia cava Kjellman using a biodegradable polybutylene succinate. Kor. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42, 523-526. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2009.42.5.523
  19. Kim, Y. D., Shim, J. M., Park, M. S., Hong, J. P., Yoo, H. I., Min, B. H., Jin, H. J., Yarish, C. and Kim, J. K. 2013. Size determination of Ecklonia cava for successful transplantation onto artificial seaweed reef. Algae. 28, 365-369. https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.4.365
  20. Clare, T. S. and Herbst. C. C. 1938. The life history of Eisenia arborea. Amer. Jour. Bot. 25, 494-498. https://doi.org/10.2307/2436676
  21. Hollenberg, G. J. 1939. Culture studies of marine algae. I. Eisenia arborea. American J. Bot. 26, 34-41. https://doi.org/10.2307/2436508
  22. Kanda, T. 1941. On the gametophytes of some Japanese species of Laminariales III. Sci. Papers Inst. Algol. Res. Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 2, 155-193.
  23. Taniguchi, K. and Akiyama, K. 1982. Effect of water temperature, light intensity and photoperiod on the growth and maturation of the gametophyte of Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell. Bull. Tohoku Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 45, 55-59. (in Japanese with English abstract)
  24. Kurashima, A., Yokohama, Y. and Yusho, A. 1996. Physiological characteristics of Eisenia bicyclis Setchell and Ecklonia cava Kjellman (Phaeophyta). Jpn. J. Phycol. 44, 87-94.
  25. Maegawa, M., Yokohama, Y. and Aruga, Y. 1987. Critical light conditions for young Ecklonia cava and Eisenia bicyclis with reference to photosynthesis. Hydrobiologia, 151/152, 447-455. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00046166
  26. Baba, M. 2010. Effects of temperature and irradiance on the growth of gametophyte and young sporophyte of Eisenia bicyclis in laboratory culture. Rep. Mar. Ecol. Res. Inst. 13, 75-82.
  27. Taniguchi, K. Sato, Y. and Owada, K. 1986. On the charact eristics of the structural variation in Eisenia bicyclis the population on the Joban coast, Japan. Bull. Tohoku Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 48, 49-57.
  28. Taniguchi, K., Sato, M., Osada, Y. and Suenaga, H. 1987. On the structure of the Eisenia bicyclis population on the coast of Oshica peninsula in northeastern Honshu, Japan. Bull. Tohoku Reg. Fish. Res. Lab. 49, 103-109.
  29. Taniguchi, K. 1990. Regeneration process of the Eisenia bicyclis population off the coast of the Oshika peninsula in Northeastern Honshu, Japan. Bull. Tohoku Natl. Fish. Res. Inst. 52, 9-12. (in Japanese with English abstract)
  30. Taniguchi, K. 1991. Marine afforestation of Eisenia bicycli s (Laminariaceae; Phaeophyta). NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 102, 47-57.
  31. Terawaki, T., Hasegawa, H., Arai, S. and Ohno, M. 2001. Management-free techniques for restoration of Eisenia and Ecklonia beds along the central pacific coast of Japan. J. Appl. phycol. 13, 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008135515037
  32. Hwang, E. K., Gong, Y. G., Ha, D. S. and Park, C. S. 2010. Inducing the regeneration and maturation of free-living gametophytes of Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura (Laminariales, Phaeophyta). Kor. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 43, 231-238. https://doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2010.43.3.231
  33. McLachlan, J. 1973. Growth media - marine. In: Stein J. R. (ed.), Handbook of Phycological Methods. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 25-51.
  34. Toshimitsu, T., Norishige, Y., Hajime, K., and Masahiro, N. 2008. The effets of water temperature on growth and/or maturation of gametophytes and juvenile sporophytes of Ecklonia cava and E. kurome (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) growing in the coasts of Wakayama Prefecture. Suisan Zoshoku (Aquaculture Sci.) 56, 343-349.
  35. Kang, J. W. and Chung, I. K. 2015. Effects of temperatue and light intensity on the gametophyte fragment growth of Ecklonia cava Kjellman (Laminariales, Phaeophyta). Kor. J. Fish. Aquat Sci. 48, 704-711. https://doi.org/10.5657/KFAS.2015.0704
  36. Son, Y. S. 2006. Morphological characteristics and growth of Eisenia bicyclis (Phaeophyta) on the East coast of Korea. Gangneung Natl. Univ. MS thesis. ROK. pp. 45.
  37. Kanda, T. 1936. On the gametophytes of some Japanese species of Laminariales. Sci. Papers Inst. Algol. Research. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 1, 221-260.
  38. Kanda, T. 1938. On the gametophytes of some Japanese species of Laminariales. II. Sci. Papers Inst. Algol. Research. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 2, 87-111.
  39. Kurashima, A. 1996. Ecophysiological studies on photosynthesis and growth of Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell and Ecklonia cava Kjellman (Laminariales, Phaeophyta). Ph. D. dissertation of Tokyo university of fisheries. Tokyo, Japan. 1-132.