Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Immunomodulatory Activities of Body Wall Fatty Acids Extracted from Halocynthia aurantium on RAW264.7 Cells

  • Monmai, Chaiwat (East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Jang, A-Yeong (Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Eun (Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Min (Department of Wellness-Bio Industry, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • You, SangGuan (East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kang, SeokBeom (Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Tae Ho (Department of Power Plant, Korea Polytechnic College (Mokpo Campus)) ;
  • Park, Woo Jung (East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • Received : 2020.07.24
  • Accepted : 2020.09.26
  • Published : 2020.12.28
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Abstract

Tunicates are known to contain biologically active materials and one species in particular, the sea peach (Halocynthia aurantium), has not been thoroughly studied. In this study we aimed to analyze the fatty acids profile of the H. aurantium body wall and its immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells. The fatty acids were classified into three categories: saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Omega-3 fatty acid content, including EPA and DHA, was higher than omega-6 fatty acids. H. aurantium body wall fatty acids exhibited enhanced immune response and anti-inflammatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells. Under normal conditions, fatty acids significantly increase nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner, thereby improving the immune response. On the other hand, in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells, fatty acids significantly decreased nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 production in a dose-dependent manner, thereby enhancing anti-inflammatory effects. Fatty acids transcriptionally control the expression of the immune-associated genes, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and TNF-α, via the MAPK and NF-κB signaling cascades in RAW264.7 cells. However, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, H. aurantium body wall fatty acids significantly inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokine; similarly, production of COX-2 and PGE2 was inhibited. The results of our present study provide insight into the immune-improving and anti-inflammatory effects of H. aurantium body wall fatty acids on macrophages. In addition, our study demonstrates that H. aurantium body wall is a potential source of immune regulatory components.

Keywords

References

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