DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the One-Way Distance in the Longitudinal Section Using Probabilistic Theory

확률론적 이론을 이용한 종단면에서의 단방향 이동거리에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Seong-Ryul (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Moon, Ji-Hyun (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeon, Hae-Sung (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Sue, Jong-Chal (Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Choo, Yeon-Moon (Research Institute of Industrial Technology, Pusan National University)
  • 김성률 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 문지현 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 전해성 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 서종철 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 추연문 (부산대학교 생산기술연구소)
  • Received : 2020.10.15
  • Accepted : 2020.12.04
  • Published : 2020.12.31

Abstract

To use a hydraulic structure effectively, the velocity of a river should be known in detail. In reality, velocity measurements are not conducted sufficiently because of their high cost. The formulae to yield the flux and velocity of the river are commonly called the Manning and Chezy formulae, which are empirical equations applied to uniform flow. This study is based on Chiu (1987)'s paper using entropy theory to solve the limits of the existing velocity formula and distribution and suggests the velocity and distance formula derived from information entropy. The data of a channel having records of a spot's velocity was used to verify the derived formula's utility and showed R2 values of distance and velocity of 0.9993 and 0.8051~0.9483, respectively. The travel distance and velocity of a moving spot following the streamflow were calculated using some flow information, which solves the difficulty in frequent flood measurements when it is needed. This can be used to make a longitudinal section of a river composed of a horizontal distance and elevation. Moreover, GIS makes it possible to obtain accurate information, such as the characteristics of a river. The connection with flow information and GIS model can be used as alarming and expecting flood systems.

유속은 수리학적 구조물을 운영 관리하는데 필수적인 요소임에도 불구하고 경제적, 인력적 이유로 인해 유량, 유속 측정이 충분히 이루어지지 않고 있다. 또한, 홍수기에 하천의 유속을 산정하는데 사용되는 공식은 Chezy와 Manning 등류 공식으로 일반적으로 등류가 아닌 자연하천에 이 공식을 그대로 사용하는 것은 문제가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 측정치와 경험적인 방법으로 유량과 유속을 다른 수리학적 요소로 나타내는 방법이 아닌 이론적 방법으로 유속에 접근하였다. 이전의 기존 유속 공식과 분포식의 한계를 엔트로피 이론으로 해결한 Chiu (1987)의 연구를 따라 개수로의 유속을 엔트로피 이론에 근거하여 전개하였고 효용성을 검증하기 위해 지점의 유속이 측정된 수로의 데이터를 활용하여 식을 검증하였다. 이동거리의 R2값은 0.9993, 유속의 R2값은 0.8051~0.9483으로 예측치가 실제 적용 가능함을 확인하였다. 식을 활용하면 실제 유속 측정을 여러 지점에서 매시간 하지 않아도 특성 인자를 통해 시간에 따라 이동하는 하천의 유속과 이동지점을 동시에 구할 수 있고 실시간 유속이 필요하지만 빈번한 실측이 불가능한 홍수기의 유속 산정이 가능하다. 이를 활용하여 하천의 수평·수직거리를 이용해 제작되는 하천 종단면도에 활용 가능하며 GIS와 연계하여 하천 특성인자의 정확성을 높일 수 있을것으로 판단된다. GIS의 공간 모델에 하천의 거리와 유속 정보를 결합해 홍수기의 경보·예측 시스템에 활용이 가능할 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

References

  1. T. H. Choo, "A Method of Discharge Measurement using the Entropy Concept (I) - Based on the Maximum Velocity -", Journal of Korean society of civil engineers, Vol.43, No.3, pp.496, Jul. 2002.
  2. M. B. David, L. D. Stanley, "Comparison of Constitutive Flow Resistance Equations Based on the Manning and Chezy Equations Applied to Natural Rivers", Journal of Water Resources Research, Vol.40, No.11, pp.1-7, Nov. 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2004WR003776
  3. Rantz et al, U.S. Geological Survey water-supply paper, Research report, U.S. Geological Survey, USA, pp. 285-388.
  4. C. L. Chiu, "Entropy and probability concepts in Hydraulics, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol.113, No.5, pp. 583-599, May. 1987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1987) 113:5(583)
  5. C. J. Lee, I. W. Seo, C. W. Kim, W. Kim, "Application of Chiu's Two Dimensional Velocity Distribution Equations to Natural Rivers", Journal of the Korea Water Resources Association, Vol.40, No.12, pp.957-968, Dec. 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2007.40.12.957
  6. C. Y. Kim, Development of Velocity Profile Method for Streamflow Estimation and Its Applicability, Ph.D Dissertion, Inha University, pp. 1-8, 2010.
  7. M. K. Park, C. S. Uhm, Y. S. Song, M. J. Park, "Natural River Flow Characteristics Using Chiu Velocity Distribution", Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol.12, No.4, pp.209-214, Aug. 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2012.12.4.209
  8. C. H. Gwon, A Study on the Estimation of Entropy Parameters for Estimating Mean Velocity in Natural Streams, Master's thesis, Pusan National University, pp.48-49, 2020.
  9. S. K. Kim, A Study on the Topographical Characteristics for Management of Small River Basins Using GIS, Master's thesis, Chonnam National University, pp. 1-6, 2005.
  10. K. S. Jeong, H. S. Cho, J. Y Kim, M. P. Sim, "Analysis of Drying Streams Characteristics Using a GIS", Journal of the Korea Water Resources Association, Vol.36, No.6, pp.1083-1095, Dec. 2003. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2003.36.6.1083
  11. H. J. Yoo, D. S. Kim, "Development of a GIS-based Method for Estimating and Representing Stream Slopes Along the River", Journal of the Korea Water Resources Association, Vol.36, No.6, pp.612-612, May 2012.
  12. C. E. Shannon, "A Mathematical Theory of Communication", Bell System Technical Journal, Vol.27, No.3, pp. 379-423, Jul. 1948 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/584091.584093
  13. T. Song, "Velocity and turbulence distribution in non-uniform and unsteady open channel flow", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.122, No.3 Mar. 1996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1996)122:3(141)
  14. T. H. Choo, D. G. Ko, S. J. Lee, "Estimation of Discharge Using Mean Velocity Equations", Journal of Korean water resources association, Korea Water Resources Association, Vol.43, No.3, pp. 265-273, Mar. 2010. https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.3.265
  15. T. H. Choo, S. J. Lee, S. W. Park, R. S. Oh, "Estimation of Rivers Discharge by Probabilistic Velocity Function Considering Hydraulic Characteristics", Journal of Korean society of civil engineers, Vol.29, No.6B, pp.537-542, Nov. 2009.
  16. H. J. Yang, Formula for Calculating Mean Velocity in Mountain Streams Using the Salt-dilution Method, Ph .D. Dissertion, Seoul University, pp.1-5, 2018
  17. J. C. Seo, A Study on the Estimation of River Discharge in the Flood Season Using the Chezy's Equation, Ph .D. Dissertion, Busan University, pp.1-5, 2020.
  18. M. G. Noh, .A study on equilibrium state of velocity using the entropy concept, Ph .D. Dissertion, Busan University, pp.1-3, 2008.
  19. Y. S. Cho, D. K. Lee, H. Kim, M. W. Won, "Determination of Stream Longitudinal Elevation from Entropy", Journal of Korean society of civil engineers, No.10, pp. 2142-2147 Oct. 2003.
  20. M. W. Jeon, D. K. Lee, "Estimation of Stream Geomorphological Characteristics based on the Informational Entropy", Journal of wetlands research, Vol.11, No.2, pp.89-98, Jan. 2009.