References
- Abrams, S. 1988. Sources of error in predicting digestible dry matter from the acid-detergent fiber content of forages. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 21(2): 205-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(88)90102-2
- AOAC. 2019. Official methods of analysis, 21st edition (2019) - AOAC International. https://www.aoac.org/official-methods-ofanalysis-21st-edition-2019/
- BCNRM. 2016. Beef cattle nutrient requirements model. National Academy Press. Washington, DC. p355
- Boucher, S. E., Calsamiglia, S., Parsons, C. M., Stein, H. H., Stern, M. D., Erickson, P. S., Utterback, P. L. and Schwab, C. G. 2009. Intestinal digestibility of amino acids in rumen-undegraded protein estimated using a precision-fed cecectomized rooster bioassay: II. Distillers dried grains with solubles and fish meal. Journal of Dairy Science. 92(12): 6056-6067 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1885
- Chaney, A. L. and Marbach, E. P. 1962. Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clinical Chemistry. 8(2): 130-132. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130
- Choi, C. W., Chung, E. S., Hong, S. K., Oh, Y. K., Kim, J. G. and Lee, S. C. 2010. Feed evaluation of whole crop rice silage harvested at different mature stages in Hanwoo steers using in situ technique. Journal of the Korea Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 30(2): 143-150. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2010.30.2.143
- David T. M., Oh, S. J., Lee, A. R., Chae, J. I., Choi, C. W. and Choi, N. J. 2012. In vitro rumen fermentation patterns of environment friendly whole crop barley, italian ryegrass and rice straw silages. Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture. 20(2): 221-230
- Erwin, E. S., Marco, G. J. and Emery, E. M. 1961. Volatile fatty acid analyses of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography. Journal of Dairy Science. 44: 1768-1771. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(61)89956-6
- Fonnesbeck, P. V., Wardeh, M. F. and Harris, L. E. 1984. Mathematical models for estimating energy and protein utilization of feedstuffs. Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 508. Logan.
- Hiltner, P. and Dehority, B. 1983. Effect of soluble carbohydrates on digestion of cellulose by pure cultures of rumen bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 46: 642-648. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.46.3.642-648.1983
- Kim, D. J., Kim, Y. K. and Maeng, W. J. 1989. Study on the dry matter digestibility of domestic herbage by pepsin-cellulase technique, 1; cell wall constituents and dry matter digestibility of wild grasses. Korean Journal of Animal Sciences. 31(5): 324-333.
- Kim, J. G., Chung, E. S., Ham, J. S., Seo, S., Kim, M. J., Yoon, S. H. and Lim, Y. C. 2007. Effect of growth stage and variety on the yield and quality of whole crop rice. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 27(1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.1.001
- Kim, J. G., Ham, J. S., Chung, E. S., Yoon, S. H., Kim, M. J., Park, H. S., Lim, Y. C. and Seo, S. 2008a. Evaluation of fermentation ability of microbes for whole crop rice silage inoculant. Journal of the Korea Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 28(3): 229-236. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.3.229
- Kim, J. G., Chung, E. S., Seo, S., Kim, M. J., Lee, J. K., Yoon, S. H., Lim, Y. C. and Cho, Y. M. 2008b. Effect of growth stage and variety on the quality of whole crop rice silage. Journal of the Korea Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 28(1): 29-34. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.1.029
- Kim, J. G., Chung, E. S., Lee, J. K., Lim, Y. C., Yoon, S. H. and Kim, M. J. 2009. Comparison of yield and quality of direct-seeded whole crop rice. Journal of the Korea Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 29(1): 25-30. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2009.29.1.025
- KOSIS(Korean Statistical Information Service). 2020. Grain consumption survey of 2019. Available from: http://kosis.kr. Accessed October 22, 2020. Korean statistical information service.
- Licitra, G., Hernandez, T. M. and Van Soest, P. J. 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 57(4): 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00837-3
- Tilley, J. M. A. and Terry, R. A. 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and Forage Science : The Journal of the British Grassland Society. 18(2): 104-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x
- Troelsen, J. E., and Hanel, D. J. 1966. Ruminant digestion in vitro as affected by inoculum donor, collection day, and fermentation time. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 46(3): 149-156. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas66-022
- Masao, O. and Takeshi, H. 1990. Effects of cropping season and soiling time and height on herbage and grain yield and feeding value. Japanese Journal of Crop Science. 59(3): 419-425. https://doi.org/10.1626/jcs.59.419
- Minson, D. 1982. Effect of chemical composition on feed digestibility and metabolizable energy. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews. pp.591-615.
- NRC(National Research Council). 2001. Nutrient Requirement of Dairy Cattle. 7th Revised Edition. National Academy Press. Washington, DC. pp.62-67.
- Rohweder, D., Barnes, R. F. and Jorgensen, N. 1978. Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science. 47(3): 747-759. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1978.473747x
- Sakai, M. 2003. New rice varieties for whole crop silage use in Japan. Breeding Science. 53(3): 271-276. https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.53.271
- Stiles, D., Bartley, E., Meyer, R. E., Deyoe, C. and Pfost, H. 1970. Feed processing. VII. Effect of an expansion-processed mixture of grain and urea (starea) on rumen metabolism in cattle and on urea toxicity. Journal of Dairy Science. 53(10): 1436-1447. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(70)86412-8
- Sung, K. I., S. M. Hong, and B. W. Kim.2004 Plant height, dry matter yield and forage quality at different maturity of whole crop rice. Journal of the Korea Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 24(1): 53-60. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2004.24.1.053