International Journal of Oral Biology

  • 제45권4호
  • /
  • Pages.197-203
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 1226-7155(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-6618(eISSN)
대한구강생물학회 (The Korean Academy of Oral Biology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Increased SOX2 expression in three-dimensional sphere culture of dental pulp stem cells

  • Seo, Eun Jin (Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Jang, Il Ho (Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University School of Dentistry)
  • 투고 : 2020.11.30
  • 심사 : 2020.12.15
  • 발행 : 2020.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Mesenchymal stem cells in the dental pulp exhibit a tendency for differentiation into various dental lineages and hold great potential as a major conduit for regenerative treatment in dentistry. Although they can be readily isolated from teeth, the exact characteristics of these stem cells have not been fully understood so far. When compared to two-dimensional (2D) cultures, three-dimensional (3D) cultures have the advantage of enriching the stem cell population. Hence, 3D-organoid culture and 3D-sphere culture were applied to dental pulp cells in the current study. Although the establishment of the organoid culture proved unsuccessful, the 3D-sphere culture readily initiated the stable generation of cell aggregates, which continued to grow and could be passaged to the second round. Interestingly, a significant increase in SOX2 expression was detected in the 3D-spheroid culture compared to the 2D culture. These results indicate the enrichment of the stemness-high population in the 3D-sphere culture. Thus, 3D-sphere culture may act as a link between the conventional and 3D-organoid cultures and aid in understanding the characteristics of dental pulp stem cells.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Nombela-Arrieta C, Ritz J, Silberstein LE. The elusive nature and function of mesenchymal stem cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2011;12:126-31. doi: 10.1038/nrm3049.
  2. Pittenger MF, Mackay AM, Beck SC, Jaiswal RK, Douglas R, Mosca JD, Moorman MA, Simonetti DW, Craig S, Marshak DR. Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. Science 1999;284:143-7. doi: 10.1126/science.284.5411.143.
  3. Uccelli A, Moretta L, Pistoia V. Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2008;8:726-36. doi: 10.1038/nri2395.
  4. Sharpe PT. Dental mesenchymal stem cells. Development 2016;143:2273-80. doi: 10.1242/dev.134189.
  5. Liu J, Yu F, Sun Y, Jiang B, Zhang W, Yang J, Xu GT, Liang A, Liu S. Concise reviews: characteristics and potential applications of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 2015;33:627-38. doi: 10.1002/stem.1909.
  6. Zhao H, Feng J, Seidel K, Shi S, Klein O, Sharpe P, Chai Y. Secretion of shh by a neurovascular bundle niche supports mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis in the adult mouse incisor. Cell Stem Cell 2014;14:160-73. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.013.
  7. Kaukua N, Shahidi MK, Konstantinidou C, Dyachuk V, Kaucka M, Furlan A, An Z, Wang L, Hultman I, Ahrlund-Richter L, Blom H, Brismar H, Lopes NA, Pachnis V, Suter U, Clevers H, Thesleff I, Sharpe P, Ernfors P, Fried K, Adameyko I. Glial origin of mesenchymal stem cells in a tooth model system. Nature 2014;513:551-4. doi: 10.1038/nature13536.
  8. Krivanek J, Soldatov RA, Kastriti ME, Chontorotzea T, Herdina AN, Petersen J, Szarowska B, Landova M, Matejova VK, Holla LI, Kuchler U, Zdrilic IV, Vijaykumar A, Balic A, Marangoni P, Klein OD, Neves VCM, Yianni V, Sharpe PT, Harkany T, Metscher BD, Bajenoff M, Mina M, Fried K, Kharchenko PV, Adameyko I. Dental cell type atlas reveals stem and differentiated cell types in mouse and human teeth. Nat Commun 2020;11:4816. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-18512-7.
  9. Simian M, Bissell MJ. Organoids: a historical perspective of thinking in three dimensions. J Cell Biol 2017;216:31-40. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201610056.
  10. Zhao H, Yan C, Hu Y, Mu L, Huang K, Li Q, Li X, Tao D, Qin J. Sphere‑forming assay vs. organoid culture: determining long‑term stemness and the chemoresistant capacity of primary colorectal cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2019;54:893-904. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4683.
  11. Lancaster MA, Knoblich JA. Organogenesis in a dish: modeling development and disease using organoid technologies. Science 2014;345:1247125. doi: 10.1126/science.1247125.
  12. Huch M, Koo BK. Modeling mouse and human development using organoid cultures. Development 2015;142:3113-25. doi: 10.1242/dev.118570.
  13. Schaefer T, Lengerke C. SOX2 protein biochemistry in stemness, reprogramming, and cancer: the PI3K/AKT/SOX2 axis and beyond. Oncogene 2020;39:278-92. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-0997-x.
  14. Zhang S, Cui W. Sox2, a key factor in the regulation of pluripotency and neural differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2014;6: 305-11. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i3.305.
  15. Bylund M, Andersson E, Novitch BG, Muhr J. Vertebrate neurogenesis is counteracted by Sox1-3 activity. Nat Neurosci 2003;6:1162-8. doi: 10.1038/nn1131.
  16. Graham V, Khudyakov J, Ellis P, Pevny L. SOX2 functions to maintain neural progenitor identity. Neuron 2003;39:749-65. doi: 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00497-5.
  17. Sanz-Navarro M, Seidel K, Sun Z, Bertonnier-Brouty L, Amendt BA, Klein OD, Michon F. Plasticity within the niche ensures the maintenance of a Sox2+ stem cell population in the mouse incisor. Development 2018;145:dev155929. doi: 10.1242/dev.155929.
  18. Park SB, Seo KW, So AY, Seo MS, Yu KR, Kang SK, Kang KS. SOX2 has a crucial role in the lineage determination and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells through Dickkopf-1 and c-MYC. Cell Death Differ 2012;19:534-45. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2011.137.
  19. Yoon DS, Kim YH, Jung HS, Paik S, Lee JW. Importance of Sox2 in maintenance of cell proliferation and multipotency of mesenchymal stem cells in low-density culture. Cell Prolif 2011;44:428-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2011.00770.x.
  20. Liu P, Cai J, Dong D, Chen Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Effects of SOX2 on proliferation, migration and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells. PLoS One 2015;10:e0141346. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141346.
  21. Sun Z, Yu W, Sanz Navarro M, Sweat M, Eliason S, Sharp T, Liu H, Seidel K, Zhang L, Moreno M, Lynch T, Holton NE, Rogers L, Neff T, Goodheart MJ, Michon F, Klein OD, Chai Y, Dupuy A, Engelhardt JF, Chen Z, Amendt BA. Sox2 and Lef-1 interact with Pitx2 to regulate incisor development and stem cell renewal. Development 2016;143:4115-26. doi: 10.1242/dev.138883.
  22. Li J, Parada C, Chai Y. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of tooth root development. Development 2017;144:374-84. doi: 10.1242/dev.137216.
  23. Binder M, Chmielarz P, Mckinnon PJ, Biggs LC, Thesleff I, Balic A. Functionally distinctive Ptch receptors establish multimodal Hedgehog signaling in the tooth epithelial stem cell niche. Stem Cells 2019;37:1238-48. doi: 10.1002/stem.3042.