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건설현장 달비계 추락재해 예방을 위한 사례분석 연구

Analysing Disaster Cases on Construction Sites to Prevent Falling Disaster of Hanging Scaffolding

  • Lim, HyoungChul (Department of Architectural Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Kim, DaeYoung (Department of Architectural Engineering, Changwon National University) ;
  • Jeong, SeongChoon (Occupational Safety Research Bureau, OSHIRI)
  • 투고 : 2019.09.02
  • 심사 : 2019.09.16
  • 발행 : 2019.11.30

초록

정부와 안전보건공단의 재해 절감을 위한 다양한 노력덕분에 산업과 건설업 전반에 걸쳐 재해 사고는 감소추세를 보이고 있다. 하지만 건설업에서의 추락재해는 감소하지 않고 오히려 증가하고 있다. 특히, 달비계에 의한 추락재해는 매년 발생빈도는 낮지만 발생 시 작업자의 사망과 직결한다는 측면에서 재해강도가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 국내 건설업에서의 달비계 작업환경은 매우 열악하다. 특히 소규모 건설현장에서의 달비계 작업자들은 안전에 대한 감독과 관리를 받을 수 있는 주체가 없다. 달비계 작업자들은 자신들이 직접 제작한 성능이 확인되지 않은 달비계를 가지고 불안전한 작업환경에 내몰리고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 15년간 달비계에서 기인한 242건의 사고사례들을 분석하여 추락재해 발생 주요 원인 및 개선방안을 제시하였으며, 주요내용은 불안전한 행동에 의한 재해발생률이 높아서 작업대 안착 시, 안전난간을 넘어가는 과정, 몸의 불균형 등에서 사고가 많으며 설비개선 및 작업방법개선으로 해결이 요구된다. 또한, KOSHA Guide에서 제시하는 작업순서 상의 문제점으로 발생되는 재해는 없었으며, 다만 작업 순서를 따르지 않아 안전대를 안전대 걸이용 로프에 미설치 및 미부착에 의한 사망으로 이르는 재해가 다수 발생된 것으로 파악되어 작업방법의 개선에서 가장 중요한 사항은 수직구명줄 및 안전대의 설치 및 착용이 가장 중요한 사항으로 도출되었다.

Thanks to various efforts to reduce disasters by the government and the Health and Safety Authority, disasters across industries and the construction industry show their reduction trend. However, the falling disasters in the construction industry have not decreased and increased on the contrary. Especially falling disaster caused by Hanging Scaffolding is the most critical disaster which shows low occurrence frequency but is directly connected to death of worker. The working environment for Hanging Scaffolding is poor in domestic construction site. In particular, the Hanging Scaffolding workers in small construction sites are not on the safety control and management by anyone for their works. They are driven to unsafe working condition with mostly uncertified facilities which are made by themselves. Therefore, this study is focused on searching falling disaster factors from the 242 disaster cases caused by Hanging Scaffolding Work in 15 years presented by KOSHA, and trying to provide suggestions for improvement. The improvement of the method of work requires facility improvement and work due to high accident rate caused by unsafe behavior. Analysis of the case of a disaster occurring over the past 15 years shows that no disaster occurred due to problems in the order of operations presented by KOSHA. However, it was found that many accidents resulted from death caused by safety belts not being installed or attached to ropes using safety belts without following the order of work. The most important aspect of improving the work method was the installation and wearing of lifeboats and safety belts.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Choi, S.J. (2009). "A Study on Developing Safety Facilities Standards on Temporary Work." KOSHA Research Report.
  2. Choi, S.J. (2009). "A Study on Developing Scaffold Installation Standards - Focused on Pipe Scaffold." KOSHA Research Report.
  3. Choi, S.J. (2009). "A Study on Developing Scaffold Workstation Installation Standards." KOSHA Research Report.
  4. KOSHA (2009). A Study on Developing Safety Model for Temporary Work - Focused on Scaffolding.
  5. KOSHA Guide C-33-2016 (2016). Safety Work Guideline for Hanging Scaffolding.
  6. Ministry of Employment and Labor Notice (2012). Temporary Work Guideline for Standard Work, 92.
  7. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (2016). Temporary Work Standard Specification - Scaffolding and Workstation.
  8. Seo, K.D. (2013). "Improvement Scaffolding Safety Capacity by Analysing Case Study of Falling Disaster." MS Thesis, Kyung-Hee Univ.