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엘리베이터 샤프트를 통한 경보음 전달 예측과 개선

Prediction and Reduction of Alarm Sound Propagated through Elevator Shaft

  • 정정호 (한국화재보험협회 부설 방재시험연구원 화재환경시스템팀)
  • Jeong, Jeong-Ho (Fire Insurers Laboratories of Korea, Fire Safety & Building Environment System Research Team)
  • 투고 : 2019.05.19
  • 심사 : 2019.08.26
  • 발행 : 2019.08.31

초록

본 연구에서는 우선경보방식으로 경보음이 발생되는 경우 발화층과 직상층 이외의 다른 층으로도 전달되는 경보음에 대하여 건축음향 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 서로 다른 엘리베이터 배치를 갖는 3가지 조건에 대하여 예측하였다. 엘리베이터 샤프트에 흡음재가 설치되어 있지 않은 현재 조건으로 예측한 경우, 경보 발생층에서 멀어질수록 전달되는 경보음 크기는 작아졌지만, 3개층이 떨어진 경우에도 약 54 dB(A)~56 dB(A) 크기로 전달되어 일반적인 공동주택의 배경소음 보다 크게 전달되는 것으로 예측되었다. 이전 연구에서 개선안으로 제시된 엘리베이터 샤프트에 흡음재를 적용한 결과 인접층으로 전달되는 경보음 레벨은 약 12 dB~16 dB 정도 작아질 수 있는 것으로 예측되었다. 이는 공동주택의 배경소음 레벨과 유사하거나 작은 정도로 국가화재안전기준에서 규정한 일제경보방식의 의도대로 경보음이 발생되는 발화층과 직상층 이외의 층으로 전달되는 현상을 개선할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

In this study, alarm sound generated as a priority alert system propagation through an elevator shaft in apartment buildings were simulated using room acoustic simulation software. The simulations were conducted on three kinds of elevator hall plan with a different number of elevators and placement. First, the elevator shaft without sound absorption material was simulated as a condition of the present. When the distance from the alarm sound generating floor became farther, alarm sound level was decreased. However, the alarm sound level three-floor distance was about 54 dB(A)~56 dB(A) which were louder than a background sound level of typical apartment buildings. Sound absorption material placement proposed by previous studies were simulated and the alarm sound levels were decreased about 12 dB~16 dB. These levels were similar or lower than the background level of apartment buildings. From these results, it can be concluded that placing sound absorption material on the surface of the elevator shaft wall can be one of the methods to control the alarm sound as regulated in NFSC.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. NFSC 202, "Fire Safety Code for Emergency Broadcasting System" (2017).
  2. D. K. You, "A Study on the Effective Evacuation Plan of High-rise Buildings by Fire Alert System", Master Thesis of Pusan National University (2018).
  3. S. H. Moon, "A Study on the Evacuation Safety According to Priority Alert Method", Master Thesis of Dongshin University (2016).
  4. H. G. Kim, "An Experimental Study on Adequacy of Acoustic Equipments for Automatic Fire Detection System and Emergency Broadcasting System in Apartment", Master Thesis of Kyonggi University (2014).
  5. EN 12354-6, Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings from the Performance of Elements - Part 6: Sound Absorption in Enclosed Spaces. CEN, Brussels (2003).
  6. M. J. Lee, "An Improved Design for Audibility of Fire Alarm Sound in Residential Buildings", Doctoral Dissertation of University of Seoul (2012).
  7. M. J. Song, M. W. Kang, N. S. Lee and Y. K. Oh, "Noise Propagation from Elevator Halls in Apartment Houses with Different Block Plan Types", Journal of Kiaebs, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 50-57 (2015).