Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

  • 제57권5호
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  • Pages.499-504
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  • 2019
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  • 2982-5164(pISSN)
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  • 1738-0006(eISSN)
대한기생충학·열대의학회 (The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine)
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Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study

  • Singhasivanon, On-uma (Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University) ;
  • Lawpoolsri, Saranath (Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University) ;
  • Mungthin, Mathirut (Department of Pharmacology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine) ;
  • Yimsamran, Surapon (Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University) ;
  • Soonthornworasiri, Ngamphol (Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University) ;
  • Krudsood, Srivicha (Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University)
  • 투고 : 2019.07.19
  • 심사 : 2019.09.21
  • 발행 : 2019.10.31
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초록

Head-lice infestation, pediculosis capitis, remains a public-health burden in many countries. The widely used first-line pediculicides and alternative treatments are often too costly for use in poor socio-economic settings. Ivermectin has been considered an alternate treatment for field practice. This study was composed of 2 parts, a cross-sectional survey and an intervention study. The main objectives were to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with head-lice infestation, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ivermectin administration. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 890 villagers in rural areas along Thai-Myanmar border. Females with infestations were eligible for the intervention study, and 181 participated in the intervention study. A post-treatment survey was conducted to assess acceptance of ivermectin as a treatment choice. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and a generalized-estimation-equation model adjusted for cluster effect. The study revealed the prevalence of head-lice infestation was 50% among females and only 3% among males. Age stratification showed a high prevalence among females aged <20 years, and among 50% of female school-children. The prevalence was persistent among those with a history of infestation. The major risk factors were residing in a setting with other infected cases, and sharing a hair comb. The study also confirmed that ivermectin was safe and effective for field-based practice. It was considered a preferable treatment option. In conclusion, behavior-change communication should be implemented to reduce the observed high prevalence of head-lice infestation. Ivermectin may be an alternative choice for head-lice treatment, especially in remote areas.

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피인용 문헌

  1. Presence of the knockdown resistance ( kdr ) mutations in the head lice ( Pediculus humanus capitis ) collected from primary school children of Thailand vol.14, pp.12, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008955