Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Flexural behavior of steel storage rack base-plate upright connections with concentric anchor bolts

  • Zhao, Xianzhong (Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Huang, Zhaoqi (Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Wang, Yue (Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Sivakumaran, Ken S. (Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University)
  • Received : 2018.06.01
  • Accepted : 2019.10.29
  • Published : 2019.11.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Steel storage racks are slender structures whose overall behavior and the capacity depend largely on the flexural behavior of the base-plate to upright connections and on the behavior of beam-to-column connections. The base-plate upright connection assembly details, anchor bolt position in particular, associated with the high-rise steel storage racks differ from those of normal height steel storage racks. Since flexural behavior of high-rise rack base connection is hitherto unavailable, this investigation experimentally establishes the flexural behavior of base-plate upright connections of high-rise steel storage racks. This investigation used an enhanced test setup and considered nine groups of three identical tests to investigate the influence of factors such as axial load, base plate thickness, anchor bolt size, bracket length, and upright thickness. The test observations show that the base-plate assembly may significantly influence the overall behavior of such connections. A rigid plate analytical model and an elastic plate analytical model for the overall rotations stiffness of base-plate upright connections with concentric anchor bolts were constructed, and were found to give better predictions of the initial stiffness of such connections. Analytical model based parametric studies highlight and quantify the interplay of components and provide a means for efficient maximization of overall rotational stiffness of concentrically anchor bolted high-rise rack base-plate upright connections.

Keywords

References

  1. Baldassino, N. and Bernuzzi, C. (2000), "Analysis and behaviour of steel storage pallet racks", Thin-Wall. Struct., 37(4), 277-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(00)00021-5
  2. Baldassino, N. and Zandonini, R. (2008), "Performance of base-plate connections of steel storage pallet racks", Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Coupled Instabilities in Metal Structures (CIMS2008), Gregory J. Hancock Symposium, Sydney, Australia.
  3. Beale, R.G. and Godley, M.H.R. (2001), "Problems arising with pallet rack semi-rigid baseplates", Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Steel and Composite Structures, Busan, Korea, pp. 699-706.
  4. Bernuzzi, C., Gobetti, A., Gabbianelli, G. and Simoncelli, M. (2015), "Simplified approaches to design medium-rise unbraced steel storage pallet racks. I: Elastic buckling analysis", J. Struct. Eng., 141(11), 04015036. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001271
  5. Castiglioni, C.A. (2016), Seismic Behavior of Steel Storage Pallet Racking Systems, (First Ed.), Springer International Publishing, Berlin, Germany.
  6. ECCS $N^{\circ}45$ (1986), Recommended Testing Procedure For Assessing the Behaviour of Structural Steel Elements under Cyclic Loads, Technical Committee 1 - Structural Safety and Loadings Technical Working Group 1.3 - Seismic Design.
  7. El Kadi, B., Cosgun, C., Mangir, A. and Kiymaz, G. (2017), "Strength upgrading of steel storage rack frames in the down-aisle direction", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 23(2), 43-152. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2017.23.2.143
  8. EN 15512 (2009), Steel static storage systems-adjustable pallet racking systems-principles for structural design, European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, Belgium.
  9. Eurocode (2005), Design of steel structures. Part 1.8: Design of joints, European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, Belgium.
  10. Firouzianhaji, A., Saleh, A. and Samali, B. (2014), "Non-linear finite element analysis of base plate connections used in industrial pallet racking structures", Proceedings of Australasian Structural Engineering Conference (ASEC), Auckland, New Zealand.
  11. Gilbert, B.P. and Rasmussen, K.J.R. (2011), "Determination of the base plate stiffness and strength of steel storage racks", J. Constr. Steel Res., 67(6), 1031-1041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.01.006
  12. Godley, M.H.R., Beale, R.G. and Feng, X. (1998), "Rotational stiffnesses of semi-rigid baseplates", Proceedings of 14th International Specialty Conference on Cold-formed Steel Structures, St. Louis, MO, USA.
  13. Jacobsen, E. and Tremblay, R. (2017), "Shake-table testing and numerical modelling of inelastic seismic response of semi-rigid cold-formed rack moment frames", Thin-Wall. Struct., 119, 190-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2017.05.024
  14. Jaspart, J.P. and Vandegans, D. (1998), "Application of the component method to column bases", J. Constr. Steel Res., 48(2-3), 89-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(98)90196-1
  15. Kadi, B.E. and Kiymaz, G. (2015), "Behavior and design of perforated steel storage rack columns under axial compression", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 18(5), 1259-1277. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2015.18.5.1259
  16. Kilar, V., Petrovcic, S., Koren, D. and Silih, S. (2011), "Seismic analysis of an asymmetric fixed base and base-isolated high-rack steel structure", Eng. Struct., 33(12), 3471-3482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.07.010
  17. Petrone, F., Higgins, P.S., Bissonnette, N.P. and Kanvinde, A.M. (2016), "The cross-aisle seismic performance of storage rack base connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 122, 520-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.04.014
  18. RMI (2008), Specification for the design, testing and utilization of industrial steel storage racks, Rack Manufacturers Institute; Charlotte, NC, USA.
  19. SA (2012), AS/NZS 4084 Steel storage racking, Standards Australia /Standards New Zealand, Sydney, Australia.
  20. Sarawit, A.T. (2003), "Cold-formed steel frame and beam column design", Ph.D. Dissertation; Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
  21. Shah, S.N.R., Sulong, N.R., Jumaat, M.Z. and Shariati, M. (2016), "State-of-the-art review on the design and performance of steel pallet rack connections", Eng. Fail. Anal., 66, 240-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.04.017
  22. Silvestre, N. and Camotim, D. (2004), "Distortional buckling formulae for cold-formed steel rack-section members", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 4(1), 49-75. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2004.4.1.049
  23. Valipour, H.R. and Bradford, M.A (2013), "Nonlinear P-${\Delta}$ analysis of steel frames with semi-rigid connections", Steel Compos. Struct., Int. J., 14(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2013.14.1.001
  24. Wald, F., Sokil, Z. and Jaspart, J.P. (2008), "Base plate in bending and anchor bolts in tension", Heron, 14(1), 1-20.