Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

  • Volume 41
  • /
  • Pages.61.1-61.8
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 2288-8101(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-8586(eISSN)
Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한악안면성형재건외과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of duration from lingual nerve injury to undergoing microneurosurgery on improving sensory and taste functions: retrospective study

  • Nakanishi, Takashi (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University) ;
  • Yamamoto, Yuta (Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wakayama Medical University) ;
  • Tanioka, Kensuke (Clinical Study Support Center, Wakayama Medical University) ;
  • Shintani, Yukari (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University) ;
  • Tojyo, Itaru (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University) ;
  • Fujita, Shigeyuki (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University)
  • Received : 2019.09.23
  • Accepted : 2019.12.10
  • Published : 2019.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The prognosis of recovery following microneurosurgery for injured lingual nerves varies among individual cases. This study aimed to investigate if recovery ratios of sensory and taste functions are improved by the microneurosurgery within 6 months after lingual nerve injury. Methods: We retrospectively assessed 70 patients who underwent microneurosurgery at the Wakayama Medical University Hospital for lingual nerve injuries between July 2004 and December 2016. Sensory and taste functions in lingual nerves were preoperatively evaluated using a static two-point discrimination test, an intact superficial pain/tactile sensation test, and a taste discrimination test. They were evaluated again at 12 and at 24 months postoperatively. The abundance ratio of Schwann cells in the excised traumatic neuromas was analyzed with ImageJ software following immunohistochemistry with anti S-100β antibody. Results: In early cases (microneurosurgery within 6 months after the injury), recovery ratios of sensory and taste functions were not significantly different at 24 months after microneurosurgery compared with later cases (microneurosurgery more than 6 months after the injury). Meanwhile, the ratio of patients with taste recovery within 12 months after microneurosurgery was significantly decreased in late cases compared with early cases. The abundance ratio of Schwann cells in traumatic neuroma was also significantly lower in later cases. Conclusion: Microneurosurgery more than 6 months after lingual nerve injury did not lead to decreased recovery ratio of sensory and taste functions, but it did lead to prolonged recovery of taste. This delay may be associated with a decrease in the abundance ratio of Schwann cells in traumatic neuromas.

Keywords

References

  1. Martos-Fernandez M, de-Pablo-Garcia-Cuenca A, Bescos-Atin MS (2014) Lingual nerve injury after third molar removal: unilateral atrophy of fungiform papillae. J Clin Exp Dent; 6(2): e193-e196.
  2. Pogrel MA, Renaut A, Schmidt B, Ammar A (1995) The relationship of the lingual nerve to the mandibular third molar region: an anatomic study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53:1178-1181 https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(95)90630-4
  3. Behnia H, Kheradvar A, Shahrokhi M (2000) An anatomic study of the lingual nerve in the third molar region. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 58:649-651 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-2391(00)90159-9
  4. Andreasen JO, Laskin DM, Petersen JK (1997) Textbook and color atlas of tooth impactions: diagnosis, treatment, prevention. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp 87-126
  5. Bataineh AB (2001) Sensory nerve impairment following mandibular third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 59:1012-1017 https://doi.org/10.1053/joms.2001.25827
  6. Kim SY, Hu KS, Chung IH, Kim HJ (2004) Topographic anatomy of the lingual nerve and variations in communication pattern of the mandibular nerve branches. Surg Radiol Anat 26:128-135 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-003-0179-x
  7. Guerrero ME, Nackaerts O, Beinsberger J, Hoer K, Schoenaers J, Jacobs R (2012) Inferior alveolar nerve sensory disturbance after impacted mandibular third molar evaluation using cone beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography: a pilot study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 70:2264-2270 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2012.04.015
  8. Kipp DP, Goldstein BH, Weiss WW (1980) Dysesthesia after mandibular third molar surgery: a retrospective study and analysis of 1,377 surgical procedures. J Am Dent Assoc 100:185-192 https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1980.0074
  9. Mason DA (1988) Lingual nerve damage following lower third molar surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 17:290-294 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0901-5027(88)80005-5
  10. Gregg JM (1990) Studies of traumatic neuralgias in the maxillofacial region: surgical pathology and neural mechanisms. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48:228-237 https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(90)90385-F
  11. Fujita S, Tojyo I, Yamada M, Go Y, Matsumoto T, Kiga N (2014) Outcome following lingual nerve repair with vein graft cuff: a preliminary report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg; 72: 1433.e1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2014.03.018
  12. Mackinnon SE (1989) Surgical management of the peripheral nerve gap. Clin Plast Surg 16:587-603 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-1298(20)31325-0
  13. Susarla SM, Kaban LB, Donoff RB, Dodson TB (2007) Does early repair of lingual nerve injuries improve functional sensory recovery? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1070-1076 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2006.10.010
  14. Bagheri SC, Meyer RA, Khan HA, Kuhmichel A, Steed MB (2010) Retrospective measures of microsurgical repair of 222 lingual nerve injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68:715-723 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2009.09.111
  15. Ziccardi VB, Rivera L, Gomes J (2009) Comparison of lingual and inferior alveolar nerve microsurgery outcomes. Quintessence Int 40:295-301
  16. Cornelius CP, Roser M, Ehrenfeld M (1997) Microneural reconstruction after iatrogenic lesions of the lingual nerve and the inferior alveolar nerve. Critical evaluation. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 1:213-223 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03043553
  17. Robinson PP, Loescher AR, Smith KG (2000) A prospective, quantitative study on the clinical outcome of lingual nerve repair. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38:255-263 https://doi.org/10.1054/bjom.2000.0463
  18. Rasmussen OC (1980) Painful traumatic neuromas in the oral cavity. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 49:191-195 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(80)90043-2
  19. Swanson HH (1961) Traumatic neuromas: a review of the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 14:317-326 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(61)90297-3
  20. Seddon HJ (1965) Nerve injuries. J Univ Mich Med Center 31:4-10
  21. Swaim SF (1972) Peripheral nerve surgery in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 161:905-911
  22. Raffe MR (1979) Compendium on Continuing Education for the Small Animal Practitioner; 1: 269-276.
  23. Vora AR, Bodell SM, Loescher AR, Smith KG, Robinson PP, Boissonade FM (2007) Inflammatory cell accumulation in traumatic neuromas of the human lingual nerve. Arch Oral Biol 52:74-82 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2006.08.015
  24. Vora AR, Loescher AR, Craig GT, Boissonade FM, Robinson PP (2005) A light microscopical study on the structure of traumatic neuromas of the human lingual nerve. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 99:395-403 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.08.011
  25. Bird EV, Christmas CR, Loescher AR, Smith KG, Robinson PP, Black JA, Waxman SG, Boissonade FM (2013) Correlation of Nav1. 8 and Nav1. 9 sodium channel expression with neuropathic pain in human subjects with lingual nerve neuromas. Molecular Pain 9:52-62
  26. Vincent IN, Miloro M (2013) Trigeminal nerve injuries. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Chicago, Illinois, USA, pp 149-166
  27. Renton T, Yilmaz Z (2012) Managing iatrogenic trigeminal nerve injury: a case series and review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41:629-637 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2011.11.002
  28. Kline DG, Nulsen FE (1972) The neuroma in continuity: its preoperative and operative management. Surg Clin North Am 52:1189-1209 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6109(16)39836-X
  29. Steed MB (2013) Nerve injury and regeneration. IN: Miloro M. Trigeminal Nerve Injuries. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Chicago, Illinois, USA; 149-166.
  30. Hall S (2005) The response to injury in the peripheral nervous system. J Bone Joint Surg 87-B:1309-1319 https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.87B10.16700
  31. Terenghi G, Calder JS, Birch R, Hall SM (1998) A morphological study of Schwann cells and axonal regeneration in chronically transected human peripheral nerves. J Hand Surg [Br] 23:583-587 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-7681(98)80006-5
  32. Mozsary PG (1987) Inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injuries: regeneration or operation? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 45(3):204-286 https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(87)90114-5