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미세먼지로 인한 자전거 이용객의 야외활동 인식변화에 관한 연구: 사회네트워크분석을 중심으로

A Study on Perception Change in Bicycle users' Outdoor Activity by Particulate Matter: Based on the Social Network Analysis

  • 김보미 (서울대학교 협동과정조경학 전공) ;
  • 이동근 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 조경지역시스템공학부)
  • Kim, Bomi (Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong Kun (Department of Landscape Architecture & Rural System Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2019.06.03
  • 심사 : 2019.09.03
  • 발행 : 2019.10.31

초록

본 연구는 미세먼지에 대한 야외활동의 위험인식의 논란에 따른 미세먼지 우려의 본질을 파악해보고자 미세먼지의 노출로 건강에 영향을 많이 받는 자전거 커뮤니티를 대상으로 카페글과 댓글을 수집하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 정부에서 주도한 미세먼지 정책은 매 시기별로 견고해지고, 세분화되고 있었지만 자전거 커뮤니티 내에서의 미세먼지 위험인식은 시간흐름에 따라 논의가 활성화되고, 심각해지고 있었다. 둘째, 미세먼지 우려로 인한 야외활동 인식변화를 분석한 결과 자전거 커뮤니티 회원들은 날씨 변수보다 미세먼지 등급에 따라 야외활동 여부가 달라지는 양상을 보였다. 또한 국내 미세먼지 수치나 마스크 성능에 대한 불신과 맞물리면서 일상생활과 건강에 심각한 위협을 주는 공포의 대상으로 변화되고 있었다. 궁극적으로 이러한 미세먼지 위험인식은 주로 야외에서 즐겼던 자전거활동 일부를 실내공간으로 이동하게 하였다. 하지만 경관, 사람, 날씨 등 야외에서 다양한 요소들을 누리며 즐겼던 자전거활동에 비해 단조로운 실내 자전거운동은 헬스, 요가 등의 다른 실내운동 유형으로 전환되고 있었다. 종합적으로 살펴보면 미세먼지에 대한 자전거 이용객의 위험인식이나 야외 자전거활동의 인식변화는 정부나 지자체 등에서 제공하는 미세먼지 농도수치의 정확성, 중국영향, 국내 어플리케이션 신뢰성, 마스크 성능, 미세먼지 농도 제시방법(숫자제시형, 점적 데이터 제공) 등 정책 불신과 검증되지 않는 과도한 정보 오류로 인한 논란이 가장 큰 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 도출되었다. 따라서 모든 계층을 아우르는 종합적 사회방안이나 정부주도형 미세먼지 정책을 제시하기보다 자전거 이용객들의 눈높이에서 미세먼지로 인한 건강상의 위험을 인지하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 총체적 유기적으로 미세먼지를 인식하도록 돕는 체감형 위험 커뮤니케이션이나 교육 및 홍보과정이 선행되어야 하고, 단계별 토의를 통한 사회적 합의와 함께 향후 야외활동 유형별로 세분화된 체계적 연구가 추진되어야할 것으로 판단된다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 정부와 지자체, 언론, 국민들의 효과적인 커뮤니케이션 방향 모색을 위한 학술적 근거로 제공될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The controversy of the risk perception related to particulate matters becomes significant. Therefore, in order to understand the nature of the particulate matters, we gathered articles and comments in on-line community related to bicycling which is affected by exposure of the particulate matters. As a result, firstly, the government - led particulate matter policy was strengthened and segmented every period, butthe risk perception related to particulate matters in the bicycle community has become active and serious. Second, as a result of analyzing the perception change of outdoor activities related to particulate matters, bicycle users in community showed a tendency of outdoor activity depending on the degree of particulate matters ratherthan the weather. In addition, the level of the risk perception related to particulate matters has been moved from fears of serious threat in daily life and health, combined with the disregard of domestic particulate matter levels or mask performance. Ultimately, these risk perception related to particulate matters have led some of the bicycling that were mainly enjoyed outdoors to the indoor space. However, in comparison with outdoor bicycling enjoyed by various factors such as scenery, people, and weather, the monotonous indoor bicycling was converted into another type of indoor exercise such as fitness and yoga. In summary, it was derived from mistrust of excessive information or policy provided by the government or local governments. It is considered that environmental policy should be implemented after discussion of risk communication that can reduce the gap between public anxiety and concern so as to cope with the risk perception related to particulate matters. Therefore,this study should be provided as an academic basis for the effective communication direction when decision makers establish the policy related to particulate matters.

키워드

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