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Evaluation of Introducing Feasibility of Blockchain Technology to Food Safety Management Network

식품안전관리망 강화를 위한 블록체인 기술 도입의 적절성 평가

  • Kwon, So-Young (Department of Food Safety Research, National Food Safety Information Service) ;
  • Min, Kyong-Se (Department of Food Safety Research, National Food Safety Information Service) ;
  • Cho, Seung Yong (Department of Food Safety Research, National Food Safety Information Service)
  • 권소영 (식품안전정보원 식품안전연구부) ;
  • 민경세 (식품안전정보원 식품안전연구부) ;
  • 조승용 (식품안전정보원 식품안전연구부)
  • Received : 2019.08.29
  • Accepted : 2019.10.07
  • Published : 2019.10.30

Abstract

The appropriateness of introducing blockchain technology into food safety management systems was evaluated by conducting a survey of experts on the effectiveness and constraint evaluation indicators, and a portfolio analysis was conducted to set the priorities of blockchain application. The food safety management activities considered in this study were issuing documents on food import/export, food hygiene rating scheme, civil complaint management in the food sector, food- related certification, risk information management, and food traceability systems. The sectors that can be expected to be effective in the introduction of blockchain technology were food- related certification, food hygiene rating scheme, risk information management, and issuing documents on food import/export. In the case of food traceability systems and civil complaint management, the introduction of blockchain technology was not recommended due to ineffectiveness. From the evaluation of the constraints (e.g., technical limits, cost, legal amendment, personal information disclosure, timeliness, and ease of connection) to be overcome when introducing blockchain into food safety management, it was found that there are more than average constraints in all six areas. In particular, the food traceability system was evaluated to have the most constraints. Issuing documents on food import/export is very effective with the introduction of blockchain technology, but due to high cost and legal restrictions, it is necessary to improve the institutional system in order to introduce blockchain. Among the evaluation sectors, food- related certification, food hygiene rating scheme, and risk information management on foods were suitable for preferentially adopting blockchain technology since these areas might experience greatly improved reliability and transparency through the introduction of blockchain, with relatively low constraints.

수출입 증명, 위생등급제, 식품 민원처리, 식품 관련 인증, 식품 위해정보 관리 및 식품이력추적 관리제도 등 식품안전관리 시스템에 블록체인 기술도입의 적절성을 효과성과 제약성 평가지표에 따라 전문가 대상 설문조사를 실시하여 평가하였다. 식품안전 업무영역별 블록체인 도입 적절성에 대한 포트폴리오 분석을 진행하여 블록체인 도입 우선순위를 설정하였다. 블록체인 도입 시 효과를 기대할 수 있는 영역은 식품인증, 위생등급제, 위해정보 및 수출입 증명 업무였다. 반면, 이력추적 및 민원처리업무의 경우 블록체인 도입의 효과성이 낮아 도입대상에서 제외할 것으로 평가되었다. 한편 조사된 6가지의 식품안전관리 업무영역 모두에서 블록체인 도입 시 비용, 법 제도 개정 등 보통 이상의 제약성이 존재하였다. 특히, 식품이력추적관리 분야는 도입 추진 시 가장 제약사항이 많을 것으로 평가되었다. 블록체인 도입 시 수출입 증명업무의 효과는 높으나 비용과 법 개정 등 제약성이 높아 블록체인 도입을 위해서는 제도개선 등이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 평가대상 업무분야들 중 식품인증, 위생등급제 및 위해정보 관련 업무는 블록체인 도입 시 신뢰성과 투명성을 크게 향상시키면서 제약성이 상대적으로 낮아 블록체인을 우선적으로 도입하는데 적합할 것으로 평가되었다.

Keywords

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