Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society (천문학회지)

The Korean Astronomical Society (한국천문학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

207 NEW OPEN STAR CLUSTERS WITHIN 1 KPC FROM GAIA DATA RELEASE 2

  • Received : 2019.05.14
  • Accepted : 2019.07.16
  • Published : 2019.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We conducted a survey of open clusters within 1 kpc from the Sun using the astrometric and photometric data of the Gaia Data Release 2. We found 655 cluster candidates by visual inspection of the stellar distributions in proper motion space and spatial distributions in l - b space. All of the 655 cluster candidates have a well defined main-sequence except for two candidates if we consider that the main sequence of very young clusters is somewhat broad due to differential extinction. Cross-matching of our 653 open clusters with known open clusters in various catalogs resulted in 207 new open clusters. We present the physical properties of the newly discovered open clusters. The majority of the newly discovered open clusters are of young to intermediate age and have less than ~50 member stars.

Keywords

References

  1. Ann, H. B., Lee, M. G., Chun, M. Y., et al. 1999, BOAO Photometric Survey of Galactic Open Clusters. I. Berkeley 14, Collinder 74, Biurakan 9, and NGC 2355, JKAS, 32, 7
  2. Bressan, A., Marigo, P., Girardi, L., et al. 2012, PARSEC: Stellar Tracks and Isochrones with the Padova and Trieste Stellar Evolution Code, MNRAS, 427, 127 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21948.x
  3. Camargo, D., Bica, E., & Bonatto, C. 2015, New Galactic Embedded Clusters and Candidates from a WISE Survey, New Astron., 34, 84 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2014.05.007
  4. Camargo, D., Bica, E., Bonatto, C., et al. 2015, Discovery of Two Embedded Clusters with WISE in the High Galactic Latitude Cloud HRK 81.4-77.8, MNRAS, 448, 1930 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv092
  5. Cantat-Gaudin, T., Jordi, C., Vallenari, A., et al. 2018, A Gaia DR2 View of the Open Cluster Population in the Milky Way, A&A, 618, A93 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833476
  6. Cantat-Gaudin, T., Krone-Martins, A., Sedaghat, N., et al. 2019, Gaia DR2 Unravels Incompleteness of Nearby Cluster Population: New Open Clusters in the Direction of Perseus, A&A, 624, A126 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834453
  7. Castro-Ginard, A., Jordi, C., Luri, X., et al. 2018, A New Method for Unveiling Open Clusters in Gaia - New Nearby Open Clusters Confirmed by DR2, A&A, 618, A59 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833390
  8. Chen, W.-P., Chen, C., & Shu, C. 2004, Morphology of Galactic Open Clusters, AJ, 128, 2306 https://doi.org/10.1086/424855
  9. Cheng, Y., 1995, Mean Shift, Mode Seeking, and Clustering, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 17, 790 https://doi.org/10.1109/34.400568
  10. Chumak, Y. O., Platais, I., McLaughin, D. E., et al. 2010, Numerical Simulations of Tidal Tails for the Open Cluster NGC 188, MNRAS, 402, 1841 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16021.x
  11. Dias, W., Alessi, B., Moitinho, A., et al. 2002, New Catalogue of Optically Visible Open Clusters and Candidates, A&A, 389, 871 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020668
  12. Evans, D., Riello, M., De Angeli, F., et al. 2018, Gaia Data Release 2 - Photometric Content and Validation, A&A, 616, A4 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832756
  13. Friel, F. D. 1995, The Old Open Clusters of the Milky Way, ARA&A, 33, 381 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.33.090195.002121
  14. Frinchaboy, P. M. & Majewski, S. R. 2008, Open Clusters as Galactic Disk Tracers. I. Project Motivation, Cluster Membership, and Bulk Three-dimensional Kinematics, AJ, 136, 118 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/136/1/118
  15. Froebrich, D., Scholz, A., & Raftery, C. 2006, A Systematic Survey for Infrared Star Clusters with ${\mid}b{\mid}<20^{\circ}$ Using 2MASS, MNRAS, 374, 399 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11148.x
  16. Gaia Collaboration, Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., et al. 2016, The Gaia Mission, A&A, 595, A1 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629272
  17. Gaia Collaboration, Brown, A. G., Vallenari, A. et al. 2016, Gaia Data Release 1 - Summary of the Astrometric, Photometric, and Survey Properties, A&A, 595, A2 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629512
  18. Gaia Collaboration, Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., et al. 2018, Gaia Data Release 2 - Summary of the Contents and Survey Properties, A&A, 616, A1 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833051
  19. Gieles, M., Zwart, S. P., Baumgardt, H., et al. 2006, Star Cluster Disruption by Giant Molecular Clouds, MNRAS, 371, 793 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10711.x
  20. Janes, K. & Adler, D. 1982, Open Clusters and Galactic Structure, ApJS, 49, 425 https://doi.org/10.1086/190805
  21. Janes, K. A. & Phelps, R. L. 1994, The Galactic System of Old Star Clusters: The Development of the Galactic Disk, AJ, 108, 1773 https://doi.org/10.1086/117192
  22. Kharchenko, N. 2001, All-sky Compiled Catalogue of 2.5 Million Stars, Kinematika i Fizika Nebesnykh Tel, 17, 409
  23. Kharchenko, N., Piskunov, A., Rser, S., et al. 2005, 109 New Galactic Open Clusters, A&A, 440, 403 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20052740
  24. Kharchenko, N., Berczik, P., Petrov, M., et al. 2009, Shape Parameters of Galactic Open Clusters, A&A, 495, 807 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200810407
  25. Kharchenko, N., Piskunov, A., Schilbach, E., et al. 2013, Global Survey of Star Clusters in the Milky Way - II. The Catalogue of Basic Parameters, A&A, 558, A53 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322302
  26. King, I. R. 1966, The Structure of Star Clusters. IV. Photoelectric Surface Photometry in Nine Globular Clusters, AJ, 71, 276 https://doi.org/10.1086/109918
  27. Koposov, S. E., Belokurov, V., & Torrealba, G. 2017, Gaia 1 and 2. A Pair of New Galactic Star Clusters, MNRAS, 470, 2702 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1182
  28. Krone-Martins, A., & Moitinho, A. 2014, UPMASK: Unsupervised Photometric Membership Assignment in Stellar Clusters, A&A, 561, A57 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321143
  29. Kroupa, P. 2001, On the Variation of the Initial Mass Function, MNRAS, 322, 231 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04022.x
  30. Kroupa, P. 2002, The Initial Mass Function of Stars: Evidence for Uniformity in Variable Systems, Science, 295, 82 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1067524
  31. Lee, S., Kang, Y.-W., & Ann, H. B, 2013, Deep and Wide Photometry of Two Open Clusters NGC 1245 and NGC 2506: Dynamical Evolution and Halo, MNRAS, 432, 1672 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt588
  32. Lindegren, L., Hernandez, J., Bombrun, A., et al. 2018, Gaia Data Release 2 - The Astrometric Solution, A&A, 616, A2 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832727
  33. Lynga, G., 1987, Catalog of Open Star Cluster Data, Strasbourg, CDS
  34. Mermilliod, J.-C. 1981, Comparative Studies of Young Open Clusters. III - Empirical Isochronous Curves and the Zero Age Main Sequence, A&A, 97, 235
  35. Mermilliod, J.-C., Egret, D., & Albrecht, M. 1995, Information and On-line data in Astronomy, 127 (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press)
  36. Michie, R. W. 1964, The Dynamics of Star Clusters, ARA& A, 2, 49 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.02.090164.000405
  37. Oliveira, R. A. P., Bica, E., & Bonatto, C. 2018, Near-infrared Study of New Embedded Vlusters in the Carina Complex, MNRAS, 476, 842 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty254
  38. Oort, J. H., 1979, Luminosity Distribution and Shape of the Hyades Cluster, A&A, 78, 312
  39. Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., et al. 2011, Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python, J. Machine Learning Research, 12, 2825
  40. Piskunov, A. E., Just, A., Kharchenko, N. V., et al. 2018, Global Survey of Star Clusters in the Milky Way. VI. Age Distribution and Cluster Formation History, A&A, 614, 22 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732337
  41. Raboud, D. & Mermilliod, J.-C. 1998, Investigation of the Pleiades Cluster. IV. The Radial Structure, A&A, 329, 101
  42. Roser, S., Demleitner, M., & Schilbach, E. 2010, The PPMXL Catalog of Positions and Proper Motions on the ICRS. Combining USNO-B1.0 and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), AJ, 139, 2440 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/139/6/2440
  43. Roser, S., Schilbach, E., & Goldman, B. 2016, Nine New Open Clusters within 500 pc from the Sun, A&A, 595, A22 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629158
  44. Roser, S., Schilbach, E., & Goldman, B. 2019, Hyades Tidal Tails Revealed by Gaia DR2, A&A, 621, L2 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834608
  45. Ryu, J. & Lee, M. G. 2018, A WISE Survey of New Star Clusters in the Central Plane Region of the Milky Way, ApJ, 856, 152 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab1ff
  46. Sandage, A. 1957, Observational Approach to Evolution. III. Semiempirical Evolution Tracks for M67 and M3, ApJ, 126, 326 https://doi.org/10.1086/146405
  47. Scholz, R.-D., Kharchenko, N., Piskunov A., et al. 2015, Global Survey of Star Clusters in the Milky Way - IV. 63 New Open Clusters Detected by Proper Motions, A&A, 581, A39 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526312
  48. Skrutskie, M., Cutri, R., Stiening R., et al. 2006, The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), AJ, 131, 1163 https://doi.org/10.1086/498708
  49. Terlevich, E. 1987, Evolution of N-body Open Clusters, MNRAS, 224, 193 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/224.1.193
  50. Trumpler, R. J. 1930, Preliminary Results on the Distances, Dimensions and Space Distribution of Open Star Clusters, Lick Observatory Bulletin, 14, 154 https://doi.org/10.5479/ADS/bib/1930LicOB.14.154T
  51. Trumpler, R. J. 1931, Star Clusters: A Review, PASP, 43, 145 https://doi.org/10.1086/124110