Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of resistance training at different intensities on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and peripheral CCL11 levels in obese mice

  • Woo, Jinhee (Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Dong-A University) ;
  • Roh, Hee-Tae (Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Dong-A University) ;
  • Park, Chan-Ho (Department of Leisure and Sport, Dong-Eui University) ;
  • Yoon, Byung-Kon (Department of Physical Education, Dong-Eui University) ;
  • Kim, Do-Yeon (Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University) ;
  • Shin, Ki-Ok (Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Physical Education, Dong-A University)
  • Received : 2019.09.09
  • Accepted : 2019.09.27
  • Published : 2019.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We investigated the effect of moderate- and high-intensity resistance training on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and peripheral CCL11 levels in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57/black male mice received a 4 weeks diet of normal (control, CON; n = 9) or a high-fat diet (HF; n = 27) to induce obesity. Thereafter, the HF group was subdivided equally into the HF, HF + moderate-intensity exercise (HFME), and HF + high-intensity exercise (HFHE) groups (n = 9, respectively), and mice were subjected to ladder-climbing exercise for 8 weeks. The hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were significantly lower in the HF group than in the CON group (p < 0.05). In addition, in the HFME and HFHE groups were significantly higher than in the HF group (p < 0.05). The peripheral CCL11 levels were significantly higher in the HF group than in the CON group (p < 0.05). In addition, in the HFME and HFHE groups were significantly lower than in the HF group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference according to the exercise intensity among the groups. Collectively, these results suggest that obesity can induce down-regulation of neurotrophic factors and inhibition of neurogenesis. In contrast, regardless of exercise intensity, resistance training may have a positive effect on improving brain function by inducing increased expression of neurotrophic factors.

Keywords

References

  1. U. E. Bauer, P. A. Briss, R. A. Goodman, B. A. Bowman, "Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA" Lancet, Vol.384, No.9937 pp. 45-52, (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60648-6
  2. G. N. Bischof, D. C. Park, "Obesity and Aging: Consequences for Cognition, Brain Structure, and Brain Function" Psychosom Med, Vol.77, No.6 pp. 697-709, (2015). https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000212
  3. V. Chesnokova, R. N. Pechnick, K, Wawrowsky, "Chronic peripheral inflammation, hippocampal neurogenesis, and behavior" Brain Behav Immun, Vol.58, pp. 1-8, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.01.017
  4. E. M. Rhea, T. S. Salameh, A. F. Logsdon, A. J. Hanson, M. A. Erickson, W. A. Banks, "Blood-Brain Barriers in Obesity" AAPS J, Vol.19, No.4 pp. 921-930, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12248-017-0079-3
  5. J. M. Jakicic, K. K. Davis, "Obesity and physical activity" Psychiatr Clin North Am, Vol.34, No.4 pp. 829-840, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2011.08.009
  6. K. A. Alkadhi, "Exercise as a Positive Modulator of Brain Function" Mol Neurobiol, Vol.55, No.4 pp. 3112-3130, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-017-0516-4
  7. C. P. Mackay, S. S. Kuys, S. G. Brauer, "The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in People with Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Neural Plast, Vol.2017, pp. 4716197, (2017).
  8. K. L. Szuhany, M. Bugatti, M. W. Otto, "A meta-analytic review of the effects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor" J Psychiatr Res, Vol.60, pp. 56-64, (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.10.003
  9. C. W. Cotman, N. C. Berchtold, L. A. Christie, "Exercise builds brain health: key roles of growth factor cascades and inflammation" Trends Neurosci, Vol.30, No.9 pp. 464-472, (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2007.06.011
  10. S. Rojas Vega, A. Knicker, W. Hollmann, W. Bloch, H. K. Struder, "Effect of resistance exercise on serum levels of growth factors in humans" Horm Metab Res, Vol.42, No.13 pp. 982-986, (2010). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1267950
  11. A. Dinoff, N. Herrmann, W. Swardfager, K. L. Lanctot, "The effect of acute exercise on blood concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy adults: a meta-analysis" Eur J Neurosci, Vol.46, No.1 pp. 1635-1646, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13603
  12. H. T. Roh, S. Y. Cho, H. G. Yoon, W. Y. So, "Effect of Exercise Intensity on Neurotrophic Factors and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Induced by Oxidative-Nitrosative Stress in Male College Students" Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab, Vol.27, No.3 pp. 239-246, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0009
  13. H. H. Lee, J. H. Yoon, I. G. Jeong, S. H. Kim, B. K. Kim, M. S. Shin, I. G. Ko, Y. H. Sung, C. J. Kim, "Effects of exercise intensity on hippocampal cell proliferation and BDNF expression in intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced-memory impairment in rats" Exercise Science, Vol.18, No.4 pp. 475-488, (2009).
  14. S. Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan, A. Ahmadalipour, A. Rashidy-Pour, A. A. Vafaei, H. Miladi-Gorji, M. Alizadeh, "Low- and high-intensity treadmill exercise attenuates chronic morphine-induced anxiogenesis and memory impairment but not reductions in hippocampal BDNF in female rats" Brain Res, Vol.1663, pp. 20-28, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.024
  15. K. M. Choi, J. H. Kim, G. J. Cho, S. H. Baik, H. S. Park, S. M. Kim, "Effect of exercise training on plasma visfatin and eotaxin levels" Eur J Endocrinol, Vol.157, No.4 pp. 437-442, (2007). https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-07-0127
  16. S. A. Villeda, J. Luo, K. I. Mosher, B. Zou, M. Britschgi, G. Bieri, T. M. Stan, N. Fainberg, Z. Ding, A. Eggel, K. M. Lucin, E. Czirr, J. S. Park, S. Couillard-Despres, L. Aigner, G. Li, E. R. Peskind, J. A. Kaye, J. F. Quinn, D. R. Galasko, X. S. Xie, T. A. Rando, T. Wyss-Coray, "The ageing systemic milieu negatively regulates neurogenesis and cognitive function" Nature, Vol.477, No.7362 pp. 90-94, (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10357
  17. A. K. Huber, D. A. Giles, B. M. Segal, D. N. Irani, "An emerging role for eotaxins in neurodegenerative disease" Clin Immunol, Vol.189, pp. 29-33, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.010
  18. A. R. Vasudevan, H. Wu, A. M. Xydakis, P. H. Jones, E. O. Smith, J. F. Sweeney, D. B. Corry, C. M. Ballantyne, "Eotaxin and obesity" J Clin Endocrinol Metab, Vol.91, No.1 pp. 256-261, (2006). https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1280
  19. I. C. Sanches, F. F. Conti, M. Sartori, M. C. Irigoyen, K. De Angelis, "Standardization of resistance exercise training: effects in diabetic ovariectomized rats" Int J Sports Med, Vol.35, No.4 pp. 323-329, (2014). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1351254
  20. W. T. Friedewald, R. I. Levy, D. S. Fredrickson "Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge" Clin Chem, Vol.18, No.6 pp. 499-502, (1972). https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499
  21. J. Woo, S. Kang, "Diet change and exercise enhance protein expression of CREB, CRTC 2 and lipolitic enzymes in adipocytes of obese mice" Lipids Health Dis, Vol.15, No.1 pp. 147, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-016-0316-2
  22. M. Koskela, S. Back, V. Voikar, C. T. Richie, A. Domanskyi, B. K. Harvey, M. Airavaara, "Update of neurotrophic factors in neurobiology of addiction and future directions" Neurobiol Dis, Vol.97, pp. 189-200, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2016.05.010
  23. M. Bullo, M. R. Peeraully, P. Trayhurn, J. Folch, J. Salas-Salvado, "Circulating nerve growth factor levels in relation to obesity and the metabolic syndrome in women" Eur J Endocrinol, Vol.157, No.3 pp. 303-310, (2007). https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-06-0716
  24. H. T. Roh, W. Y. So, "The effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant-antioxidant balance, neurotrophic factor levels, and blood-brain barrier function in obese and non-obese men" J Sport Health Sci, Vol.6, No.4 pp. 447-453, (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.07.006
  25. D. Arvidsson, E. Johannesson, L. B. Andersen, M. Karlsson, P. Wollmer, O. Thorsson, M. Dencker, "A Longitudinal Analysis of the Relationships of Physical Activity and Body Fat With Nerve Growth Factor and Brain-Derived Neural Factor in Children" J Phys Act Health, Vol. 15, No.8 pp. 620-625, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2017-0483
  26. J. Woo, K. O. Shin, S. Y. Park, K. S. Jang, S. Kang, "Effects of exercise and diet change on cognition function and synaptic plasticity in high fat diet induced obese rats" Lipids Health Dis, Vol.12, pp. 144, (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-144
  27. J. Woo, K. O. Shin, N. H. Yeo, S. Y. Park, S. Kang, "The effects of treadmill training on neurotrophins and immediately early protein in obese rats" Korean Society of Life Science, Vol.21, No.7 pp. 985-991, (2011).
  28. S. Y. Cho, H. T. Roh, "Effects of aerobic exercise training on peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor and eotaxin-1 levels in obese young men" J Phys Ther Sci, Vol.28, No.4 pp. 1355-1358, (2016). https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1355