Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Seasonal Succession of Zooplankton Community in a Large Reservoir of Summer Monsoon Region (Lake Soyang)

몬순지역 대형댐(소양호)에서 동물플랑크톤 군집의 계절천이

  • Kim, Moon Sook (Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Bomchul (Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jun, Man-Sig (Research Institute for Gangwon)
  • 김문숙 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 환경과학과) ;
  • 김범철 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 환경과학과) ;
  • 전만식 (강원연구원)
  • Received : 2018.05.28
  • Accepted : 2019.03.06
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Seasonal succession of zooplankton community and species composition was studied from 2003 to 2014 in a deep reservoir, Lake Soyang, in monsoon climate region, Korea. Annual precipitation was concentrated more than 70% between June and September and it showed remarkably that seasonal variation in water quality. Seasonal variation of water quality in Lake Soyang appeared to be more significant than annual variations, and the inflow of turbid water during the summer rainfall was the most important environmental factor. Zooplankton sepecies composition in Lake Soyang showed obvious tendency through two periods (May to June and August to October) every year. Small zooplankton (rotifer; Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra vulgaris) dominated in spring and mesozooplankton such as copepods and crustaceans were dominant in summer and fall. Zooplankton biomass showed the maximum in September after monsoon rainfall, and chlorophyll showed a similar seasonal variation and it showed a high correlation (r=0.45). The increase of zooplankton biomass is considered to be a bottom-up effect due to the increase of primary producers and inflow of nutrients and organic matter from rainfall. In this study, we found that the variation of zooplankton community was affected by rainfall in monsoon climate region and inflow of turbid water was an important environmental factor, which influenced the water quality, zooplankton seasonal succession in Lake Soyang. It was also considered to be influenced by hydrological characteristics of lake and environment of watershed. In conclusion, seasonal succession of zooplankton species composition was the same as the PEG model. But seasonal succession of zooplankton biomass differed not only in the temperate lake but also in the monsoon region.

본 연구는 몬순지역의 대형호인 소양호를 대상으로 동물플랑크톤의 종 조성과 생물량을 조사하였으며, 군집의 계절천이를 알아보고자 하였다. 또한, PEG 모델과 몬순지역에서 다른 호수와의 동물플랑크톤 계절천이를 비교하여 고찰하였다. 조사기간 동안 소양호 유역의 강수량은 $705{\sim}1,779mm\;yr^{-1}$의 큰 변동을 보였으며, 70% 이상이 6~9월에 집중되는 것으로 나타났다. 소양호의 수질은 연도별 변화보다 계절적 변화가 뚜렷하게 나타났으며, 몬순기후로 인한 여름철 홍수기 탁수유입이 가장 중요한 환경요인으로 작용하였다. 소양호에서 동물플랑크톤 종 조성의 계절천이는 연도별로 차이는 있지만, 매년 두 시기에 거쳐 뚜렷한 경향을 보였다. 봄 시기에는 소형 동물플랑크톤이 우점하였으며, 여름과 가을 시기에는 크기가 큰 지각류와 요각류가 우점하였다. 동물플랑크톤의 생물량은 집중강우 이후 9월에 최대를 보였으며, Chl. a 농도와 유사한 계절변동을 보였다(r=0.45). 소양호에서 동물플랑크톤의 생물량 증가는 강우 시 유입된 영양염과 유기물에 의한 미생물, 식물플랑크톤 등 먹이유용성 증가에 따른 microbial loop와 bottom-up 효과로 판단된다. 결과적으로, 몬순지역의 대형호인 소양호 동물플랑크톤은 종별 계절천이는 PEG 모델을 따랐지만, 생물량의 계절천이는 온대호수뿐만 아니라 몬순지역의 호수와도 차이를 보였다. 이는 유역에서 유입된 다량의 유기물 등과 함께 소양호의 수심, 체류시간 등 수리학적 특성에 따른 영향으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한강수계관리위원회

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