Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Biomechanics (한국운동역학회)
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Comparison of Physical Characteristics and Lower Extremity Biomechanics of Elderly and Young Adult Runners

노인 러너의 신체특성과 하지관절의 생체역학적 비교

  • Kim, Jong-Bin (Motion Innovation Centre, Korea National Sport University) ;
  • Ha, Sunghe (Integrative Sports Science Research Laboratory, Yonsei University) ;
  • Park, Sangheon (Motion Innovation Centre, Korea National Sport University) ;
  • Yoon, Sukhoon (Motion Innovation Centre, Korea National Sport University) ;
  • Ryu, Ji-seon (Motion Innovation Centre, Korea National Sport University) ;
  • Park, Sang-Kyoon (Motion Innovation Centre, Korea National Sport University)
  • Received : 2019.07.16
  • Accepted : 2019.08.20
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the physical characteristics (bone mineral density, joint muscle strength) and running biomechanics between older adults and young adult runners to understand the changes of running strategy by aging. Method: Bone mineral density (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, USA) of lower lower extremity and muscle strength (Cybex Humac Norm [DEXA], CSMI, USA) were measured to identify the physical characteristics of 10 elderly (age: $67.70{\pm}3.30yrs$, height: $1.68{\pm}0.04m$, mass: $67.70{\pm}3.80kg$) and 10 young adults (age: $21.20{\pm}0.42yrs$, height: $1.73{\pm}0.06m$, mass: $72.11{\pm}4.15kg$). Running data was collected by using an instrumented treadmill (Bertec, USA) and 7 infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden). Two-way repeated ANOVA analysis was used to analyze results at a significant level of .05 with Bonferroni post hoc analysis. Results: Compared to the young adult group, the elderly group showed statistically significant difference in physical characteristics and in running characteristics. Elderly runners showed lower BMD and muscle strength compared with young runners (p<.05). In the running parameters, elderly runners tend to show shorter contact time and stride length compared with young runners (p<.05). In the joint angles, elderly runners showed smaller range of ankle motion compared with young runners (p<.05). Finally, elderly runners showed lower level of joint moment, joint power, and GRF compared with young runners in each running speed (p<.05). Conclusion: The running behavior of the elderly performed periodic running was similar to many variables of young adults. However, there were noticeable differences found in the ankle joints and most kinetic variables compared with young adult runners. This discrepancy may propose that elderly runners should consider appropriate running distance and intensity in the program.

Keywords

References

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