Korean Journal of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Service (한국동물위생학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Pathology and virus distribution in the lymphoid tissues of chicks co-infection with H9N2 Avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus

저병원성 조류인플루엔자와 뉴캐슬 바이러스의 복합감염에 따른 닭 림프조직 병변의 특성 및 바이러스 검출

  • Received : 2019.02.22
  • Accepted : 2019.09.10
  • Published : 2019.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI; H9N2) and Newcastle disease (ND) are economically important poultry diseases in Korea. In this study, we investigated pathological features and virus distribution in the lymphoid tissues of chicks experimentally infected with H9N2 and/or ND virus. Six-weeks-old SPF chickens were divided into 4 groups, Control (C), H9N2 (E1), NDV (E2), and H9N2+NDV (E3). E1 group was challenged with 0.1 ml A/Kr/Ck/01310/01 (H9N2) $10^{5.6}$ $EID_{50}$ intranasally, E2 group was challenged with 0.5 ml KJW (NDV) $10^{5.0}{\sim}10^{6.0}$ $ELD_{50}$ intramuscularly, and E3 group was challenged with H9N2, followed 7 days later by NDV. In histopathological examination, E1 group showed depletion and necrosis in bursa of Fabricius, thymus, cecal tonsil, and spleen, whereas E2 and E3 groups were noted severe lymphocyte depletion and necrosis with destruction of lymphoid organs structures. In TUNEL assay, apoptotic bodies were detected in lymphoid organs of all experimental groups, which was most severe in E3 group. H9N2 and ND viruses were predominantly detected in cecal tonsil of E1, E2, and E3 groups by PCR and immunohistochemistry (ICH). In conclusion, co-infection of H9N2 with NDV caused severe pathologic lesions and apoptosis in lymphoid tissues compared to single infections.

Keywords

References

  1. 김기석, 김재홍, 모인필, 민원기, 서상희, 성환우, 송창선, 장형관, 조경오. 2012. 조류질병학. pp. 3-9. In: 오인택(책임편집). 초판. 도서출판 한미의학, 서울.
  2. 모인필. 1993. Avian influenza의 병성기전. Annual Rev Anim Immunol Res Inst No. 2: 67-70.
  3. 하봉도. 2007. 저병원성 조류인플루엔자에 대한 사독 오일백신의 안전성 및 효능평가. 충북대학교.
  4. 한명국, 박경윤, 권용국, 김재홍. 2002. 가금인플루엔자바이러스 검출을 위한 혈청학적 진단법 비교. Korean J Vet Res 42: 73-80.
  5. Alexander DJ, Senne JM. 2008. Newcastle disease. pp. 75-100. Diseases of poultry. 12th ed. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, USA.
  6. Alexander DJ. 2000. A review of avian influenza in different bird species. Vet Microbiol 74: 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00160-7
  7. Brown CC, King DJ, Seal BS. 1999. Comparison of pathology-based techniques for detection of viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus in chickens. J Comp Pathol 120: 383-389. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.1998.0286
  8. Capua I, Marangon S. 2006. Control of Avian Influenza in poultry. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 1319-1324. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1209.060430
  9. Cattoli G, Susta L, Terregino C, Brown C. 2011. Newcastle disease : a review of field recognition and current methods of laboratory detection. J Vet Diagn Invest 23: 637-656. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638711407887
  10. Fang J, Cui H, Peng X, Chen Z, He M, Tang L. 2011. Developmental changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis in the normal duck thymus. Anat Histol Embryol 40: 457-465. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01094.x
  11. Franca MS, Brown JD. 2014. Influenza pathobiology and pathogenesis in avian species. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 385: 221-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_385
  12. Holt PS, Vaughn LE, Gast RK. 2011. Changes in Peyer's patch and cecal tonsil B lymphocytes in laying hens following challenge with Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. Int J Poult Sci 10: 231-237. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2011.231.237
  13. Hooper PT, Russell GM, Selleck PW, Lunt RA, Morrissy CJ, Braun MA, Williamson MM. (1999). Immunohistochemistry in the identification of a number of new diseases in Australia. Vet Microbiol 68: 89-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00064-4
  14. Kim JH, Sung HW, Kim IH, Lee EK, Choi KS, King DJ. 2012. Characterization and comparison of the pathogenicity of viscerotropic velogenic Newcastle disease virus isolates in Korea. Korean J Vet Res 52: 213-221. https://doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.2012.52.4.213
  15. Kwon JS, Lee HJ, Lee DH, Lee YJ, Mo IP, Nahm SS, Kim MJ, Lee JB, Park SY, Choi IS, Song CS. 2008. Immune responses and pathogenesis in immunocompromised chickens in response to infection with the H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus. Virus Res 133: 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2007.12.019
  16. Lam KM. 1996. Newcastle disease virus-induced apoptosis in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chickens. J Comp Pathol 114: 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9975(96)80063-6
  17. Lee SM, Cho ES, Choi BH, Son HY. 2013. Clinical and pathological studies on co-infection of lowpathogenic avian influenza virus and Newcastle disease virus in the chicken. Korean J Vet Serv 36: 163-169. https://doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2013.36.3.163
  18. Lindskog C, Ellstrom P, Olsen B, Ponten F, van Riel D, Munster VJ, Gonzalez-Acuna D, Kuiken T, Jourdain E. 2013. European H16N3 gull influenza virus attaches to the human respiratory tract and eye. PLoS One 8: e60757. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060757
  19. Lowy RJ. 2003. Influenza virus induction of apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Int Rev Immunol 22: 425-449. https://doi.org/10.1080/08830180305216
  20. Playford EG, Dwyer DE. 2002. Laboratory diagnosis of influenza virus infection. Pathology 34: 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/003130201201117909
  21. Rautenschlein S, Suresh M, Sharma JM. 2000. Pathogenic avian adenovirus type II induces apoptosis in turkey spleen cells. Arch Virol 145: 1671-1683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007050070083
  22. Rezaian M, Hamedi S. 2007. Histological study of the caecal tonsil in the cecum of 4-6 months of age White Leghorn Chicks. Am J Anim Vet Sci 2: 50-54. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajavsp.2007.50.54
  23. Seal BS, King DJ, Sellers HS. 2000. The avian response to Newcastle disease virus. Dev Comp Immunol 24: 257-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-305X(99)00077-4
  24. Sinkovics JG, Horvath JC. 2000. Newcastle disease virus (NDV): brief history of its oncolytic strains. J Clin Virol 16: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-6532(99)00072-4
  25. Spackman E, Gelb J Jr, Preskenis LA, Ladman BS, Pope CR, Pantin-Jackwood MJ, McKinley ET. 2010. The pathogenesis of low pathogenicity H7 avian influenza viruses in chickens, ducks and turkeys. Virol J 7: 331 https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-7-331
  26. Suarez DL. Schultz-Cherry S. 2000. Immunology of avian influenza virus : a review. Dev Comp Immunol 24: 269-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-305X(99)00078-6
  27. Susta L, Miller PJ, Afonso CL, Brown CC. 2011. Clinicopathological characterization in poultry of three strains of Newcastle disease virus isolated from recent outbreaks. Vet Pathol 48: 349-360. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985810375806
  28. Swayne DE, Halvorson DA. 2008. Influenza. pp. 153-184. Diseases of poultry. 12th ed. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa, USA.
  29. Xing Z, Cardona CJ, Adams S, Yang Z, Li J, Perez D, Woolcock PR. 2009. Differential regulation of antiviral and proinflammatory cytokines and suppressionof Fas-mediated apoptosis by NS1 of H9N2 avian influenza virus in chicken macrophages. J Gen Virol 90: 1109-1118. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.007518-0
  30. Zaid A, Ali S. 2016. Apoptosis in lymphoid organs in chicken and duck: a comparative study. Alexandria J Vet Sci 49: 95-102. https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.219678