벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)

  • 제14권4호
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  • Pages.63-73
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  • 2019
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  • 1975-7557(pISSN)
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  • 2671-9509(eISSN)
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)
권호 표지

창업의지가 창업성과에 미치는 영향: 창업역량 및 차별화 경쟁우위의 매개효과를 중심으로

A Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurial Intention on Start-up Performance: Focused on the Intermediating Effects of Entrepreneurial Competency and Differentiated Competitive Advantage

  • 투고 : 2019.04.02
  • 심사 : 2019.08.26
  • 발행 : 2019.08.31
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초록

최근 청년창업자 및 시니어창업자들의 창업에 대한 관심이 높아지면서, 국내 창업률은 점차적으로 증가하고 있다. 그러나 창업기업의 생존율은 낮아 창업성과가 미비하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 창업성과를 높이기 위한 방안을 찾고자 창업의지가 창업역량요인의 경험역량, 자금조달역량, 마케팅역량 및 차별화경쟁우위를 통해 재무성과 및 비재무성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 실증분석하였다. 이를 위해 2019년 1월 21일부터 2월 1일까지 포항지역의 창업가 200명을 대상으로 실시한 설문조사 결과를 가설검증에 활용하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업의지는 경험역량, 자금조달역량, 마케팅역량에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 경험역량, 마케팅역량은 차별화경쟁우위에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 자금역량은 차별화경쟁우위에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 설문대상자의 대부분이 신규사업자라는 분석대상자의 특성이 반영된 결과로 판단된다. 셋째, 차별화경쟁우위는 재무성과, 비재무성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 성공적인 창업성과를 위해서는 창업자의 창업의지 및 창업역량의 자금조달역량, 마케팅역량을 통해 차별화경쟁우위를 확보할 수 있다는 이론적 근거를 제시하고 있으며, 차별화경쟁우위와 창업의 재무성과 및 비재무성과 간에 유의적 관계가 있음을 밝혔다. 또한 창업자의 강한 의지를 바탕으로 새로운 아이디어를 창출하려는 노력을 기울이고, 자금투자 및 마케팅활동을 강화하여, 차별화된 경쟁우위를 확보하려는 지속적인 노력이 경영성과를 위해 필요하다는 중요한 의미를 창업자 및 경영실무자에게 제시하고 있다.

Recently, as young and senior entrepreneurs are getting interested in starting a business, the domestic startup rate is gradually increasing. However, the survival rate of start-ups is so low. In this regard, this study empirically examines how the entrepreneurial intention affects both financial and non-financial start-up performances through the intermediation effects of experiential competence, financing competency, marketing competence and differentiated competitive advantage. In doing so, the purpose of this study is to find out the key elements to successful start-ups. To this end, the survey results of 200 start-ups in Pohang from January 21 to February 1, 2019 were used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, it is shown that the entrepreneurial intention have a positive effect on the experiential competence, financing competence and marketing competence. Second, it is found that both experiential competence and marketing competence have significant positive effects on the differentiated competitive advantage. On the other hand, the financing competence has not been shown to have a significant effect on the differentiated competitive advantage, which might result from the characteristic of the data that most of the respondents are from new businesses. Third, it is shown that the differentiated competitive advantage has a positive effect on both financial and non-financial performances. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest a theoretical basis for the successful start-up performance. Namely, it is necessary for the founders of start-ups to secure differentiated competitive advantage through the entrepreneurial intention and the entrepreneurial competences such as financing competence and marketing competence because the differentiated competitive advantage leads to the successful financial and non-financial start-up performances. In addition, the results of this study suggest to both entrepreneurs and managers that for the successful business performance, it is important for them to make continuous efforts to come up with new ideas and to reinforce financing and marketing activities in order to achieve the differentiated competitive advantage.

키워드

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