The Plant Pathology Journal

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
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An in vitro Actinidia Bioassay to Evaluate the Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae

  • Wang, Faming (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Li, Jiewei (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Ye, Kaiyu (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Liu, Pingping (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Gong, Hongjuan (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Jiang, Qiaosheng (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Qi, Beibei (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany) ;
  • Mo, Quanhui (Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangxi Institute of Botany)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.20
  • 심사 : 2019.05.19
  • 발행 : 2019.08.01
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초록

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is by far the most important pathogen of kiwifruit. Sustainable expansion of the kiwifruit industry requires the use of Psa-tolerant or resistant genotypes for the breeding of tolerant cultivars. However, the resistance of most existing kiwifruit cultivars and wild genotypes is poorly understood, and suitable evaluation methods of Psa resistance in Actinidia have not been established. A unique in vitro method to evaluate Psa resistance has been developed with 18 selected Actinidia genotypes. The assay involved debarking and measuring the lesions of cane pieces inoculated with the bacterium in combination with the observation of symptoms such as callus formation, sprouting of buds, and the extent to which Psa invaded xylem. Relative Psa resistance or tolerance was divided into four categories. The division results were consistent with field observations. This is the first report of an in vitro assay capable of large-scale screening of Psa-resistance in Actinidia germplasm with high accuracy and reproducibility. The assay would considerably facilitate the breeding of Psa-resistant cultivars and provide a valuable reference and inspiration for the resistance evaluation of other plants to different pathogens.

키워드

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Fig. 1. Effects of incubation time and incubation temperature on lesion development of ‘Hongyang’ cane pieces inoculated with a suspension of Pseuodmonas syringae pv. actinidiae. (A) Disease development progress of 1-5 weeks post-inoculation; (B) Effects of incubation temperature on lesion development 5 weeks post-inoculation.

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Fig. 2. Responses of representative genotypes of different resistant status after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae for 6 weeks. (A) Callus formation and buds sprouting on canes of resistant/tolerant genotype; (B) Dark-brown color on the cane with Psa ooze spilled in highly susceptible genotype; (C) Zero visible lesion symptom on high resistance genotype; (D) Lesion extended only into the outer epidermis and cortex tissues around the wound point for the resistant or moderate genotype; (E) Lesion partly extended into xylem only inside the wound side of susceptible genotype; (F) Lesion completely extended into the entire xylem and eventually the whole cane of highly susceptible genotype turned brown.

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Fig. 3. Disease symptoms resulting from the inoculation with a suspension of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae of cane pieces of 18 genotypes with different levels of resistance. HR, highly resistant; R, resistant; M, moderate; T, tolerant; S, susceptible; HS, highly susceptible; Control is ‘Hongyang’ without the inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae.

Table 1. Actinidia genotypes used in the assay and their response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) under field condition

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Table 2. Disease symptoms of in vitro canes of different Actinida genotypes response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa)

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Table 3. The correlation analysis of lesion length of Actinida genotypes from 2015 to 2016

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Table 4. Main disease symptoms used to classify Actinidia susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa)

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