Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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A Laboratory-Scale Study of the Applicability of a Halophilic Sediment Bioelectrochemical System for in situ Reclamation of Water and Sediment in Brackish Aquaculture Ponds: Establishment, Bacterial Community and Performance Evaluation

  • Pham, Hai The (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Tran, Hien Thi (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Vu, Linh Thuy (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Dang, Hien The (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Nguyen, Thuy Thu Thi (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Dang, Thu Ha Thi (Research group for Physiology and Applications of Microorganisms (PHAM group), GREENLAB, Center for Life Science Research (CELIFE) and Department of Microbiology - Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University - University of Science) ;
  • Nguyen, Mai Thanh Thi (Center for Experimental Biology, National Center for Technological Progress (NACENTECH)) ;
  • Nguyen, Huy Quang (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Vietnam National University in Hanoi - University of Science) ;
  • Kim, Byung Hong (Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2019.05.20
  • Accepted : 2019.06.17
  • Published : 2019.07.28
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the potential of using sediment bioelectrochemical systems (SBESs) for in situ treatment of the water and sediment in brackish aquaculture ponds polluted with uneaten feed. An SBES integrated into a laboratory-scale tank simulating a brackish aquaculture pond was established. This test tank and the control (not containing the SBES) were fed with shrimp feed in a scheme that mimics a situation where 50% of feed is uneaten. After the SBES was inoculated with microbial sources from actual shrimp pond sediments, electricity generation was well observed from the first experimental week, indicating successful enrichment of electrochemically active bacteria in the test tank sediment. The electricity generation became steady after 3 weeks of operation, with an average current density of $2.3mA/m^2$ anode surface and an average power density of $0.05mW/m^2$ anode surface. The SBES removed 20-30% more COD of the tank water, compared to the control. After 1 year, the SBES also reduced the amount of sediment in the tank by 40% and thus could remove approximately 40% more COD and approximately 52% more nitrogen from the sediment, compared to the control. Insignificant amounts of nitrite and nitrate were detected, suggesting complete removal of nitrogen by the system. PCR-DGGE-based analyses revealed the dominant presence of Methylophilus rhizosphaerae, Desulfatitalea tepidiphila and Thiothrix eikelboomii, which have not been found in bioelectrochemical systems before, in the bacterial community in the sediment of the SBES-containing tank. The results of this research demonstrate the potential application of SBESs in helping to reduce water pollution threats, fish and shrimp disease risks, and thus farmers' losses.

Keywords

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