Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Effects of four substances requiring preparation for accidents on the survival and reproduction of Paronychiurus kimi (Collembola: Onychiuridae)

사고대비물질 4종이 김어리톡토기의 사망 및 번식에 미치는 영향

  • Wee, June (Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Yun-Sik (Ojeong Eco-Resilience Institute, Korea University) ;
  • Son, Jino (Ojeong Eco-Resilience Institute, Korea University) ;
  • Ko, Euna (Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Cho, Kijong (Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • 위준 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 이윤식 (오정에코리질리언스연구원) ;
  • 손진오 (오정에코리질리언스연구원) ;
  • 고은아 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과) ;
  • 조기종 (고려대학교 환경생태공학과)
  • Received : 2019.12.16
  • Accepted : 2019.12.20
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a scientific basis for decision making regarding environmental damage in case of future chemical accidents by evaluating the ecotoxicity of 4 substances requiring preparation for accidents. For this purpose, acute and chronic toxicities of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia solution, which can change the physical and chemical properties of soil to Paronychiurus kimi(Collembola) were investigated. The pH of artificial soil spiked with a series of test chemical concentrations was also measured. The pH of soil spiked with 10,000 mg kg-1 of soil nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia solution were 2.86, 2.72, 7.18 and 9.69, respectively. The 28-d LC50 of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and ammonia solution were 2,703, 5,414, 3,158 and 859 mg kg-1 soil dry wt., respectively and 28-d EC50 were 587, 2,148, 1,300 and 216 mg kg-1 soil dry wt., respectively. These results indicated that the mortality and juvenile production of P. kimi were influenced by not only the soil pH but also by the reduced organic content and products produced by the reaction of soil with the tested chemicals. Given the fact that most substances requiring preparation for accidents can change soil characteristics, assessment and restoration methods that take into account changes in soil properties are needed for accurate decision making after chemical accidents.

본 연구의 목적은 질산, 황산, 암모니아수, 과산화수소에 대한 생태독성평가를 통해서 사고대비물질들에 대한 기초 독성 데이터베이스를 구축하여, 향후 화학사고 발생시 환경 피해에 관한 의사결정에 과학적 근거를 제공하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 사고대비물질 중 토양의 물리·화학적 성질을 변화시킬 수 있는 질산, 황산, 암모니아수, 과산화수소를 대상으로 국내 토착 절지동물인 김어리톡토기(Paronychiurus kimi)를 이용한 생태독성평가를 수행하였다. 7일간의 급성독성평가와 28일간의 만성독성평가를 수행하였으며, 시험물질 농도에 따른 토양의 pH 변화를 관찰하였다. 토양의 pH는 질산, 황산, 과산화수소, 암모니아수의 농도가 10,000 mg kg-1 soil dry wt.일 때, 각각 2.86, 2.72, 7.18, 9.69이었다. 질산, 황산, 과산화수소, 암모니아수에 대한 만성독성평가 결과, LC50 값은 각각 2,703, 5,414, 3,158, 859 mg kg-1 soil dry wt.이었으며, P. kimi의 산란 수에 대한 EC50 값은 각각 587, 2,148, 1,300, 216 mg kg-1 soil dry wt.이었다. 비록 본 연구에서는 사고대비물질들의 유입에 따른 토양 pH의 변화만이 조사되었지만, 본 연구의 결과는 P. kimi가 사고대비물질에 의해 변화된 토양의 pH뿐만 아니라 사고대비물질의 유입에 의해 감소된 유기물 함량과 생성된 반응 산물에 의해서도 사망률과 산란수에 영향을 받을 수 있음을 의미한다. 대부분의 사고대비물질들이 토양의 특성을 변화시킬 수 있다는 점을 감안할 때, 토양의 특성 변화와 이에 따른 생물 영향을 고려한 화학사고 후 평가 및 복원 방법이 필요하다.

Keywords

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