Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Bryophyte flora of algific slopes in the Korean Peninsula

한반도 풍혈지의 선태식물상

  • Kim, Jung-Hyun (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • An, Ji-Hong (Baekdudaegan Biodiversity Conservation Division, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum) ;
  • Lee, Byoung Yoon (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Seok (Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources)
  • 김중현 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 안지홍 (국립백두대간수목원 백두대간종보존실) ;
  • 이병윤 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과) ;
  • 김진석 (국립생물자원관 식물자원과)
  • Received : 2019.10.01
  • Accepted : 2019.11.11
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

Algific talus slopes provide microclimates suitable for disjunct or relict populations of northern plant species at low elevation habitats in the temperate zones. The propose of this study was to assess the phytogeographical significance and produce a strategy for the comprehensive conservation of the vegetation on algific talus slopes. Therefore, we studied the floristics of bryophytes on 15 algific talus slopes in Korea. The bryophytes on the algific talus slopes in Korea consisted of 59 families, 138 genera, 226 species, two subspecies, and five varieties, totaling 233 taxa. Peculiarly, many northern bryophytes, such as Andreaea rupestris var. fauriei (Besch.) Takaki., Buxbaumia minakatae S. Okamura, Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid., Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp., and Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. were found on the algific talus slopes. Of them, unrecorded species from south Korea numbered 14 taxa and unrecorded species from the Korean peninsula numbered seven taxa. A similarity analysis based on the bryophyte flora showed that the index of similarity between regions with similar environmental factors was high. This means that the bryophyte flora composition on each algific talus slopes was affected by topography and microclimate. Algific talus slopes are phytogeographically significant microhabitats where northern plant species that advanced southward during the latest glacial age have been isolated and adapted. However, algific talus slopes have constantly been destroyed or damaged by humans without consideration of conservation. Conservation strategies to ensure the biodiversity and effective management of algific talus slopes in Korea are discussed in detail.

풍혈지는 특수한 국소적인 저온 환경으로 인해 북방계 식물들이 온대지역의 해발고도가 낮은 지대에서도 분포하는 것을 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 한반도 주요 풍혈지 15개소에 대한 선태식물 종조성을 밝히고, 종다양성의 패턴분석 및 식물지리학적 중요성을 고찰하고자 한다. 풍혈지의 선태식물상 조사결과, 59과 138속 226종 2아종 5변종의 총 233분류군으로 확인되었다. 이 가운데 북방계 선태식물은 검정이끼, 담뱃대이끼, 된서리이끼, 수풀이끼, 겉창발이끼 등이 풍혈지에서 생육하고 있었다. 국내(남한)에서 발견된 미기록종은 14분류군, 한반도에서 발견된 미기록종은 7분류군이었다. 지소별 유사도 분석결과, 환경 특성이 유사한 지소끼리 유사도 지수가 높게 나타남에 따라 각 풍혈지별 선태식물의 종조성은 지형과 미소 기후의 특성을 잘 반영하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 풍혈지는 최후빙하기의 한반도의 기후, 식생 환경을 이해할 수 있는 직접적인 증거를 보유한 서식지(피난처)이지만 풍혈지의 식생은 어떠한 보호조치도 없이 인위적으로 훼손되고 있다. 풍혈지의 생물학적인 가치와 보전의 필요성을 인식하고 체계적이고 합리적인 관리방안이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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